Critical insight on the recent scenario of degraded lands in India and
its bioremediation status
Abstract
Abstract The planet earth is composed of one-fourth of the land with a
total geographical area of India as 328.2M ha. Due to various reasons,
14.64% of the land resource falls under wastelands. Rapid
industrialization, intensive agricultural practices, and unsustainable
urbanization lead to the degradation of land resources. Most of the
time, the biophysical composition of the soil determined its utilization
and productivity rate. Some are highly productive on the other hand some
are less or unproductive, India has roughly 328 million hectares of land
area and the land utility pattern been 43.6% agricultural, 4.6%
grazing lands, 12.2% marshlands, 10.7% woodlands, 8.4% desolate land,
5.3% municipal land. The continuous increase of the population leads to
pressure for uptown land. The area under non-agricultural land is used
for the roads, buildings, railways, industrial establishments. In this
connection, non-agricultural land is increasing which is a major concern
about land degradation. Based on the secondary data this review paper
discussed the contaminated land in India, respective case studies, and
its remediation technologies. Many physical, chemical, and biological
methods were adopted for cleaning the contaminated lands in them some
are tough and some are expensive to handle.