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\begin{document}

\title{Open in order to reproduce}



\author[1]{Fulco Scherjon}%
\affil[1]{Leiden University}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 26, 2024}


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\textbf{Open Access and why that is important to me}

My name is Fulco Scherjon, and I am a professional software developer.
In my research I design and implement archaeological software. One of my
main focal points and the reason I submit this paper is the development
of simulation systems. Everybody models in order to understand the
complex real world, and everybody once in a while runs at least a mental
simulation on what could happen if\ldots{}. But archaeologists have one
major additional problem: their subject of research is long dead! The
remains most often gone and their behavior, the subject of most
research, only visible in traces and trash. Archaeologists out of
necessity model everything. Simulation, the execution of a model through
time, is a great aid in their thinking and helps to explore hypothesis
and test ideas.

One of the most interesting and frustrating aspects of research using
models and simulation software is that there are very few replications
of that research. In general science reproduction (making an exact copy)
and replication (doing similar experiments) are essential elements of
proper research and the way scientific knowledge is expanded. In the
natural sciences students practice and reproduce experiments to gain
insight into the nature of things, before they can design their own
experimental setups. Computational simulations in the social sciences on
the other hand are rarely reproduced, let alone replicated. Reproduction
is rerunning the same simulation, replication is the re-implementation
of that simulation by another researcher, preferably using another
developing environment.~

Reasons for this lack of replication of research include limited or no
interest by publishers into replication results, the major investments
needed to implement a copy of previous research and often without any
foreseeable future use of the newly implemented system (no followup
research), and limited accessibility of the original research. This last
hurdle is not necessary and the reason why I write about this. Research
and personal experience show that a proper replication is hardly
possible without the original research materials. These include source
code, documentation by the developers, version control files, input
data, and original raw output data. This is minimally needed to allow
proper replication of simulation results and reproduction of simulation
runs. This does not only allow peer researchers to assess the quality of
your research, but also allows them to build upon that research and
create more scientific output. Open Access to simulations is needed if
the methodology is going to be taken seriously and before it can become
part of main stream science.

Open in order to reproduce, open in order to further science!

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