Embossed crests and stamps on herbarium specimens provide a rich secondary data source. Secondary data like this forms an important part of the provenance of specimens that is often not directly transcribed. (A) Lion and crown signifying ownership by the botanical garden of Brussels, as found on specimen BR0000013433048 of Meise Botanic Garden Herbarium. (F) Stamp with handwriting is evidence of a loan from the national botanical garden of Belgium to the herbarium of Paris (Herbarium Musei Parisiensis, P), on specimen BR0000017682725 of Meise Botanic Garden Herbarium. (B) Stamp of the A. C. Moore Herbarium at the University of South Carolina as on specimen USCH0030719 (image in public domain) (G) printed crest on label of specimen P00605317 held by Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle (licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Stamps used by botanical exchange clubs connect thousands of specimens across collections in the world, such as this stamp (C) of the Watson Botanical Exchange Club on specimen E00809288 of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Herbarium (image in public domain) and (E) Stamp of the Botanical Exchange Club of the British Isles on specimen E00919066 of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Herbarium (image in public domain). Stamps are often unique to a time period and specific institution such as (H) designating the collections the specimen belonged to on specimen LISC036829 held by the LISC herbarium of the Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical. The meaning of stamps is sometimes lost, such as the stamped star (J) with unknown meaning on the same specimen as (B), if meaning is derived for a single specimen, this information can be linked to all specimens with the same stamp. The meaning of a stamp is not always immediately clear, such as (K) a stamp designating the specimen belonging to the Herbarium I. Thériot, on specimen PC0702930 in the cryptogamy collection (PC) at the Herbarium of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. (licensed under CC-By), whereas others convey a clear meaning, such as (L) a stamp designating the specimen was once in the collection of the Universidad Estatal Amazónica, now housed in the Missouri Botanical Garden herbarium under catalogue number 101178648 (licensed under CC-By-SA). Stamps, imprints and embossings change over time, such as this example (D) from the A. C. Moore Herbarium of the University of South Carolina on specimen number USCH0061250 (image in public domain), a practice carried over from (B). (l) is another more classical example of a crest used by a natural history collection, in this case the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN - Paris), as found on specimen with catalogue number PC0702930. (licensed under CC-By)