Zoological specimen labels contain rich secondary data. (a) Paratype of Heraclides rumiko, showing information encoded on multiple labels. Catalogue number NHMUK012824346 by The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London (CC-By) (b) Specimen of a chewing lice (Philopteridae): Strongylocotes lipogonus, a parasitic species including host information on the label. Catalogue number NHMUK010694309 by The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London (CC-By).