If the Jupyter notebook (formerly iPython notebook) interface is new to you, please try out the very short but exceptionally helpful  online interactive  tutorial on how to run Python inside Jupyter notebooks. The most important sections are the first two:  Notebook Basics and iPython: beyond plain Python. If you then want to add text and equations to Jupyter notebooks, see the third section (on Markdown Cells).
The Python examples given in that text can also be used within the interactive Jupyter notebook.