δ13CVPDB (‰) δ13CVPDB (‰) δ13CVPDB (‰) δ13CVPDB (‰) δ15NAir (‰) δ15NAir (‰) δ15NAir (‰) δ15NAir (‰)
VCA VCA VCA VCA
Model Effect n K AICc ΔAICc vcov % explained AICc ΔAICc vcov % explained
All species
Locality/Species Species 748 4 3552.56 0.00 17.58 (4.19)* 76.5 2146.01 0.00 1.06 (1.03)* 30.1
Locality 0.00 (0.00) 0.0 1.62 (1.27)* 45.9
Residual 5.39 (2.32) 23.5 0.84 (0.92) 23.9
Species Species 748 3 3726.15 173.59 18.82 (4.34)* 70.5 2764.85 618.84 1.72 (1.31)* 43.7
Residual 7.89 (2.81) 29.5 2.21 (1.45) 56.3
Locality Locality 748 3 4419.83 867.26 2.00 (1.41)* 8.7 2554.60 408.59 1.80 (1.34)* 51.8
Residual 20.89 (4.57) 91.3 1.678 (1.295) 48.2
GR only
Locality/Species Species 498 4 2169.78 0.00 4.59 (2.14)* 51.5 1363.72 0.00 1.48 (1.22)* 38.5
Locality 0.53 (0.73) 6.0 1.66 (1.29)* 43.0
Residual 3.79 (1.95) 42.5 0.72 (0.85) 18.5
Species Species 498 3 2355.03 185.25 7.20 (2.68)* 53.8 1876.69 512.97 2.16 (1.47)* 47.7
Residual 6.19 (2.49) 46.2 2.37 (1.54) 52.3
Locality Locality 498 3 2396.41 226.63 1.68 (1.30)* 19.8 1723.53 359.81 2.04 (1.43)* 54.4
Residual 6.80 (2.61) 80.2 1.72 (1.31) 45.6
p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species * p<0.05;vcov = variance-covariance component, presented as mean with standard deviation in parentheses; GR only = analysis repeated retaining only grazer species