Faecal isotope data Faecal isotope data Faecal isotope data Faecal isotope data Census data Census data Census data
Species n δ13C δ15N SEAc Years N ln(Nt+1/Nt)
Caledon NR
Alcelaphus buselaphus(GR) 18 -16.8 (1.14) 3.0 (0.77) 2.7 (0.68) 19 58 (29.8) 0.10 (0.18)*
Antidorcas marsupialis(IM) 20 -26.2 (3.57) 3.6 (1.59) 16.0 (3.90) 21 110 (31.1) 0.03 (0.29)
Connochaetes gnou(GR) 19 -17.3 (1.40) 3.3 (0.44) 1.9 (0.46) 21 155 (39.6) 0.06 (0.19)
Equus quagga(GR) 19 -18.6 (1.79) 4.1 (0.79) 4.5 (1.07) 21 54 (14.1) 0.07 (0.20)
Gariep Dam NR
Aepyceros melampus(IM) 19 -21.5 (2.58) 3.5 (0.51) 3.9 (0.94) 17 49 (15.0) 0.04 (0.30)
Antidorcas marsupialis(IM) 18 -24.2 (2.47) 4.5 (0.60) 4.8 (1.22) 20 2591 (777.2) -0.04 (0.30)
Connochaetes taurinus(GR) 20 -15.1 (0.87) 3.5 (0.24) 0.7 (0.16) 40 210 (117.0) 0.03 (0.32)
Equus zebra zebra(GR) 12 -21.2 (4.33) 3.1 (0.56) 7.7 (2.47) 20 82 (19.5) 0.01 (0.14)
Tragelaphus oryx(BR) 20 -27.1 (2.04) 3.3 (0.48) 2.8 (0.65) 20 78 (50.5) 0.05 (0.50)
Golden Gate NP
Antidorcas marsupialis(IM) 20 -21.5 (5.95) 4.4 (1.04) 15.3 (3.73)
Connochaetes gnou(GR) 20 -15.5 (0.51) 3.2 (0.59) 0.6 (0.15)
Equus quagga(GR) 20 -14.9 (0.59) 0.7 (0.64) 1.1 (0.26)
Maria Moroka NR
Antidorcas marsupialis(IM) 20 -26.5 (2.58) 3.9 (1.98) 16.7 (3.96) 19 613 (132.5) 0.00 (0.29)
Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi(GR) 11 -15.3 (2.18) 3.7 (0.75) 3.2 (1.06) 19 269 (119.4) -0.03 (0.34)
Equus quagga(GR) 20 -15.7 (0.71) 3.3 (0.85) 1.8 (0.43) 19 186 (53.3) -0.01 (0.25)
Rustfontein Dam NR
Antidorcas marsupialis(IM) 20 -23.8 (2.59) 4.7 (0.77) 6.6 (1.56) 15 702 (241.1) -0.01 (0.37)
Connochaetes gnou(GR) 20 -16.1 (0.54) 4.8 (0.81) 1.3 (0.32) 15 317 (127.6) 0.04 (0.19)
Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi(GR) 35 -16.3 (0.88) 3.7 (0.55) 1.5 (0.26) 15 172 (103.1) -0.04 (0.43)
Equus quagga(GR) 30 -17.5 (1.74) 4.9 (1.10) 6.2 (1.15) 15 44 (11.6) 0.03 (0.17)
Seekoeivlei NR
Alcelaphus buselaphus(GR) 18 -17.7 (3.29) 4.8 (0.67) 6.4 (1.62) 14 122 (37.0) 0.03 (0.29)
Connochaetes gnou(GR) 17 -22.2 (3.25) 4.8 (0.81) 5.0 (1.31) 14 97 (35.1) 0.11 (0.22)
Equus quagga(GR) 17 -18.5 (2.14) 5.2 (0.72) 4.8 (1.22) 14 74 (11.4) 0.00 (0.19)
Redunca arundinum(GR) 17 -15.8 (2.16) 7.7 (1.25) 7.6 (1.97) 14 84 (56.4) 0.14 (0.36)
Syncerus caffer(GR) 18 -24.6 (3.98) 5.6 (1.16) 10.2 (2.58) 14 35 (19.2) 0.15 (0.16)*
Soetdoring NR
Alcelaphus buselaphus(GR) 11 -19.2 (3.34) 8.5 (2.28) 12.9 (4.40) 24 106 (26.5) 0.02 (0.25)
Antidorcas marsupialis(IM) 20 -22.7 (2.77) 7.2 (0.83) 7.2 (1.68) 24 388 (173.8) 0.03 (0.42)
Connochaetes gnou(GR) 19 -15.3 (0.40) 5.4 (0.69) 0.8 (0.18) 24 142 (38.0) 0.01 (0.26)
Sterkfontein Dam NR
Antidorcas marsupialis(IM) 13 -26.6 (0.83) 2.8 (0.48) 1.2 (0.37) 16 273 (90.2) 0.08 (0.20)
Connochaetes gnou(GR) 14 -19.0 (0.94) 2.6 (0.42) 1.2 (0.36) 16 153 (29.4) 0.01 (0.21)
Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi(GR) 15 -16.0 (0.76) 2.2 (0.32) 0.8 (0.22) 17 258 (65.3) -0.02 (0.21)
Equus quagga(GR) 16 -18.2 (1.80) 2.8 (0.74) 4.2 (1.11) 16 68 (35.8) 0.13 (0.27)
Tussen-die-Riviere NR
Aepyceros melampus(IM) 20 -25.7 (1.56) 3.6 (0.72) 3.6 (0.86) 23 258 (68.6) -0.05 (0.27)
Alcelaphus buselaphus(GR) 20 -17.2 (1.67) 2.2 (0.74) 3.3 (0.77) 23 499 (121.3) 0.05 (0.29)
Antidorcas marsupialis(IM) 20 -27.2 (1.76) 4.4 (1.20) 6.1 (1.42) 23 1784 (380.2) -0.05 (0.18)
Connochaetes gnou(GR) 20 -15.4 (0.44) 2.9 (0.28) 0.4 (0.10) 25 331 (136.7) 0.03 (0.27)
Equus quagga(GR) 20 -19.0 (2.09) 5.5 (1.12) 7.7 (1.81) 23 283 (95.5) 0.05 (0.36)
Kobus ellipsiprymnus(GR) 12 -18.0 (0.54) 4.3 (0.85) 1.2 (0.39) 11 40 (38.3) 0.40 (0.49)*
Phacochoerus africanus(GR) 20 -17.9 (2.94) 6.3 (1.15) 11.1 (2.60) 17 1215 (646.0) 0.16 (0.21)*
Tragelaphus oryx(BR) 20 -27.4 (1.95) 3.0 (0.89) 5.2 (1.22) 23 361 (167.1) 0.01 (0.53)
Tragelaphus strepsiceros(BR) 20 -26.4 (3.45) 3.7 (1.09) 12.5 (2.91) 23 348 (94.2) 0.02 (0.18)
population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species. * population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species. * population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species. * population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species. * population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species. * population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species. * population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species. * population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species. * population growth rate significantly > 0 (one-sample t-tests); GR = grazers, BR= browsers, IM = intermediate (mixed)-feeders; For calculations of mean N and growth rate, numbers were adjusted for harvesting events by subtraction, since harvesting occurs prior to the breeding season of most species.