Metallurgy and characterisation of phase constituents of experimental steels

The increasing demand for economic steels with higher toughness, better weldability and less expensive alloying elements has resulted to modernTMCP steels. These materials are increasingly being used in the design of offshore support structures. Some of the advance structural steels are shown in Table 1(a) and conventional steels in Table 1(b). The TMCP steel grades have been manufactured specifically for offshore pipelines, platforms, pressure vessels, and modern wind turbine installations [21]. Currently they are replacing the more traditional ones in Table 1(b). The BS4360 Grade 50D is equivalent to S355J2+N hot rolled normalized steel.
Table 1: (a) Advanced S355 steel subgrades for marine applications [22] (b) Conventional S355 structural steel grades [23][24][25][26]