CONCLUSION
Upon this research it was extracted subsidies and lessons learned from
current policies in relation to the six foundation axis for the PNMSA.
The analysis identified in general the need for greater integration and
complementarity among federal ministries and the implemented public
policies. The construction of the PNMSA must seek to overcome this
deficiency, integrating multisectoral actors and converging policy
strategies and instruments into a more comprehensive common platform. In
particular, connections with monitoring systems should be established to
facilitate coordination between public actions. These measures would be
more effective in optimizing the sustainable management of soil and
water resources, avoiding overlapping of activities and fostering
effective institutional integration.
The seven analyzed policies converge more or less intensely to the
PNMSA’s building blocks according to the proposed analytical framework.
In the Legislation axis, PNMA, PNCMDES, PNRH and PNAPO have greater
adherence, while in the Prevention axis, the PNMA, PNCMDES, PNRH and
Forest Code policies showed greater alignment within their instruments.
In the Conservation axis, PNAPO, PNMC and PNRH stand out with associated
financial mechanisms to support farmers adoption of conservation
practices. The Recovery axis was the one that presented the least
interface with current government instruments, indicating the
opportunity for PNMSA to fill this gap to enable the reinsertion of
degraded into productive systems.
Regarding policy governance and institutional framework, it can be
concluded that the governance mechanisms available on PNAPO and PNRH
policies offer a framework with the involvement of different groups of
actors in different spheres of coverage, providing greater capillarity,
decentralization and social participation in decision making process.
The construction of the PNMSA can capitalize on the spaces and
governance mechanisms already constituted by these policies, in order to
facilitate the involvement of a greater number of stakeholders in the
process of public decision. This capillarity becomes essential to
address problems and solutions on a smaller scale and customized to
local realities, allowing the conformation of greater participation by
society in concrete actions with greater potential success in achieving
the goals of sustainable management of soil and water resources.
The present transversal analysis of the policies contemplated in this
work, raised important recommendations for the construction of the PNMSA
particularly for recovery and monitoring strategies. The construction of
the PNMSA should prioritize monitoring systems more transparent to
society that can dialogue and be complemented with other related
policies. The monitoring systems should produce reports about the
advance of sustainable management of soil and water resources in an
annual basis. In the Recovery axis, the research envisioned the need to
built mechanisms to map and prospect scenarios aimed at integrating and
advancing actions between ministries, states, municipalities and
economic sectors. It is also suggested a design of a collaborative
database and agile instruments for reversing degradation processes.
Indeed, the Recovery axis, turned out to be the topic with the greatest
opportunity for the PNMSA to aggregate contributions and innovations.
This paper shows the opportunity for the PNMSA to cover a policy gap and
provide a balanced and integral response to the foreseen axis, based on
the learning curve shown in the evaluation of the institutional contents
and normative articulation of public policies. The PNMSA has the
opportunity and the need to aspire to the highest possible score in its
institutional design, also supporting an open and participatory process
with social, governmental and private actors, as learned upon the
analysis of the other policy framework.
The production of maximum scores in a policy resulting from collective
social engagement towards adaptation of policy objectives, measures and
indicators, shall be realistic and operative to reach PNMSA results,
essential for the sustainable rural development of Brazil. This work
presents relevant information for the formulation of the PNMSA, enabling
the planning of actions that meet the expected axis as well as greater
integration between other policies, based on the learning shown in the
assessment of the institutional design (its contents and normative
articulation) of the policies public analyzed. The greater integration
of the policies analyzed together with the incorporation of the advances
necessary to meet the strategic axis in the PNMSA formulation can
contribute significantly to increase Brazilian agricultural production
on a sustainable basis and other ecosystem services.