Figure 5: Spatial patterns of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and allele-specific expression (ASE) within the supergene. The social chromosome (lg16) physical map is shown at the bottom, with the supergene location marked in green above it. Panel A shows ASE of significant individual SNPs (FDR < 0.01), with olive dots representing elevated SB- linked expression and blue dots elevatedSb- linked expression. Heatmaps shown at the upper and lower margins of panel A represent densities of SNPs that display SB orSb ASE, respectively. Significant DEGs (FDR < 0.01) identified in two comparative contexts are represented in Panels B and C, with genes upregulated in the presence of Sb marked by aqua dots and genes upregulated in SB/SB marked by gold dots (multifactorial-model). Heatmaps of DEG density across 500kb windows are shown at the upper and lower margins of panels B and C. The Y-axes indicate log2 fold-difference in expression and the size of the dots indicates FDR-corrected P-value. The upper heatmaps in Panels B and C represent SB/SB -upregulated genes, while the lower heatmaps represent S_/Sb -upregulated genes. Region 1, demarcated by yellow dotted lines, delineates a hotspot of SB- linked expression; Region 2, demarcated by blue dotted lines, delineates a hotspot of Sb -linked expression.