Differentially-abundant genera and species by asthma
grouping
Prevotella, Veillonella, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Streptococcus,
Porphyromonas, Rothia, Alloprevotella , and Tropheryma were the
major genera present in healthy subjects (Figure S2A ).Moraxella and Tropheryma abundance was higher in SAn and
SAs/ex compared to HC, respectively (Figure S2C ).
The most abundant microbes included Haemophilus influenzae andTropheryma whipplei (Figure 1A ). The species abundance
in SAn compared to MMA and HC was enhanced with Haemophilus
influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis , while in SAs/ex,
Haemophilus influenzae , Tropheryma whipplei , andVeilloneilla atypica were enriched compared to both MMA and HC
(Figure 1D ). In an analysis of differences between current and
ex-smokers within the SAs/ex cohort, current smokers had a lower
abundance of Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Neisseiria
flava compared to ex-smokers (Figure S4).
We analysed the effect of being on daily oral corticosteroid (OCS)
therapy. While there was no difference in both α- and β-diversity
between those on OCS and not on OCS in SAn and SAs/ex (Figure
S5 ), those on OCS in SAn had lower Haemophilus influenzae,
Moraxella catarrhalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Porphyromonas
endodontalis, and in SAs/ex, lower Haemophilus parainfluenzae(Figure S5).