Results
From Jan 22nd to Mar 10th, a total of 39 confirmed pediatric patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 were admitted with 1 (2.6%) case excluded due to lost follow-up,and 14 of 38 (36.8%) were RP. Referring to data reported by our hospital,5 24 of 223 (10.8%) adult patients were RP.Children have a significantly higher percentage of RP (OR[95%CI] 4.84[2.21-10.59];P=.000).All included pediatric cases are divided into control group (n=24) and RP group (n=14).
Compared with control group,RP group had more family cluster infections (OR[95%CI] 1.59[1.1-2.3];P=.030),while age ([7.2±4.8] vs [7.6±5.1]),and percentage of male gender (35.7% vs 45.8%), fever (21.4% vs 45.8%),respiratory or digestive symptoms (71.4% vs 50%), asymptom (28.6% vs 33.3%), CT positive findings (85.7% vs 83.3%) and co-infection (7.1% vs 8.3%) were statistically nonsignificant (Table 1). The laboratory data of RP group had a relatively higher white blood cell count (WBC) (7.5[5.1-9.8] vs 4.8[4.4-7.5];P=.009) and longer plasma prothrombin time (PT) ([12.6±0.7] vs [12.1±0.5];P=.023), while neutrophil percentage (48.7[12.3-55.7] vs 37.5[31.1-44.4]) and count (2.9[1.7-4.0] vs 2.1[1.4-2.9]), lymphocyte percentage (7.5[5.1-9.8] vs 50.8[44.2-56.2]) and count (2.5[1.9-3.6] vs 3.0[2.2-5.7]),hemoglobin (129.0[121.0-142.0] vs 124.5[123.0-138.5]), platelets ([268.6±82.4] vs [292.7±64.0]), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (13.0[7.0-20.0] vs 11.4[7.8-15.0]),high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (1.2[0.6-2.7] vs 0.6[0.4-2.9]), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (3.0[1.9-6.3] vs 2.9[1.9-4.1]),procalcitonin (PCT) (0.04[0.02-0.08] vs 0.05[0.03-0.06]), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ([37.5±4.6] vs [34.2±5.1];P=.057),fibrinogen (FIB) ([3.1±0.7] vs [2.9±0.6]), antithrombin III (ATIII) ([105.2±9.7] vs [106.7±11.1]) and D-dimer (0.32[0.22-0.42] vs 0.32[0.26-0.42]) showed no statistical difference (Table 2). In addition, there were no statistically significant differences in indicators related to liver and kidney function, troponin I (Supplemental Table 1).
12 of 24 (50%) in control group and 10 of 14 (71.4%) in RP group tested humoral immune function.There was no statistical difference in IgG, IgA, IgM, C3c and C4 between the two groups (Table 3).10 of 24 (41.7%) in control group and 14 of 14 (100%) in RP group tested T lymphocyte subclassification by flow cytometry. Percentage and count of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were not statistically different (Table 4).