Results
In the present study, a total of 503 patients had undergone
cardiovascular surgery between January 21, 2020 and April 18, 2020.
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) was the most type of surgery
(63.4%) followed by valve surgery (12.1%) in these patients. Among
whom, 64 individuals (12.7%) were found to be positive COVID-19
according to the findings of RT-PCR and chest CT scan. As shown in
Figure 1, among positive COVID-19 individuals, 6 patients (9.4%)
expired at the hospital while in the negative COVID-19 group, 10 (2.3%)
in-hospital mortalities were documented.
Table 1 demonstrates baseline demographic characteristics and survival
status of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery according to
COVID-19 findings. As shown, most of the patients in the two groups were
male, and CABG was the most type of surgery in these groups. Valve+other
surgery (14.1%) was the second most type of surgery in positive
COVID-19 group while in negative COVID-19 group, valve surgery (13.5%)
was the second most type of surgery in negative COVID-19 patients. As
mentioned before, the rate of in-hospital mortality was higher in
positive COVID-19 groups as compared to negative COVID-19 group (9.4%
versus 2.3%).
Table 2 presents the demographic, clinical, surgical and laboratory data
of patients with positive COVID-19 undergoing cardiovascular surgery
based on survival status. Among 64 cardiovascular surgery patients with
positive COVID-19 result, 58 patients (90.6%) survived and 6
individuals (9.4%) expired. Men accounted the most of the patients in
both survived and expired groups. Among expired patients, one underwent
valve surgery and the other 5 patients underwent CABG. In positive
COVID-19 patients who survived, CABG and valve+other surgeries were the
most type of operations. Fever, chest pain and dry cough was the three
most symptoms in both groups. Leukocytosis and lymphopenia were both
present in the two survived and expired groups. However, the median
(25th-75th IQR) of white blood cell
(WBC) count was higher in patients who expired (13.66 ×103/µL
[10.90-22.18] versus 11.11×103/µL [10.00-14.00]) while the
percentage of lymphocyte was lower in these individuals (13.2%
[9.11-15.15] versus 17.0% [13.66-22.20]). C-reactive protein
(CRP) was high in two groups although the findings were higher in the
expired group (15.3 mg/L [3.03-29.96] versus 5.6 mg/L
[3.72-9.00]). All of the patients showed chest CT scan features of
compatible with COVID-19.