Eligibility criteria
Studies were deemed eligible for the review if they included all the following:
• Population: Humans (irrespective of age) with suspected IgE-mediated allergy to any specific food.
• Intervention: Any index test
• Comparator: IgE-mediated FA diagnosis determined by OFC using any method including open food challenge or double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) in at least a portion of study participants.
• Outcome: Sensitivity and specificity of the index test.
We excluded conference abstracts, editorials, correspondence, narrative reviews, qualitative studies, case reports and case series of less than 20 patients, as well as animal studies and studies in which allergies are defined based on sensitization tests alone without a history following ingestion.