Word count: 3500
Acknowledgements: The authors appreciate Dr. Claudia P.
Macaubas and Stanford Genomics Facility for Hi-Seq service.
Author Contributions: H.M. designed and performed experiments,
analyzed the data and prepared the manuscript. M.P. managed the
pollution cohort samples and contributed to design the experiments and
to prepare the manuscript. D.D., X.Z., and E.S. assisted in performing
CyTOF experiments and data acquisition. S.A. and Z.H., and X.Z.
contributed to CyTOF data analysis. A.K.W., M.S., and M.P.S. contributed
to ChIP Seq experiments. A.F. and A.K. performed ChIP-Seq data analysis.
A.K. also contributed to statistical analysis througout the manuscript.
G.R.A.M. and P.S. assisted in Luminex assay. P.S. and E.D.M. contributed
to the conceptualization of pollution-induced trained immunity and
provided expertise in relevant experiments. K.C.N. supervised the study.
All authors reviewed and edited the final manuscript.
Competing Interests statement: Dr. Nadeau reports grants from
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and Food Allergy Research &
Education (FARE); Director of World Allergy Organization (WAO) , Advisor
at Cour Pharma, co-founder of Before Brands, Alladapt, Latitude, and
IgGenix; and National Scientific Committee member at Immune Tolerance
Network (ITN), and National Institutes of Health (NIH) clinical research
centers, outside the submitted work; patents include, “Mixed allergen
composition and methods for using the same”, “Granulocyte-based
methods for detecting and monitoring immune system disorders”, and
“Methods and Assays for Detecting and Quantifying Pure Subpopulations
of White Blood Cells in Immune System Disorders.” All other authors
declare no conflict of interests.
Funding: This work was supported by the Sean N. Parker Center
for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant R01ES020926.