Risk factors
In univariate logistic regression analysis, the occurrence of major and contraindicated pDDIs was significantly associated with four comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, IHD, CRDs) and ICU admission as an indicator of COVID-19 severity. Multivariate analysis showed the independent predictors of occurrence of pDDIs are IHD (OR:5.3, [95% CI:2.0-14.1], P = 0.001), CRDs (OR:3.6, [95% CI:1.1-12.1], P = 0.04), and ICU admission (OR:3.3, [95% CI:1.6-7.1], P = 0.002) (table 4).