PIMs criteria for evaluation
Each prescription was evaluated based on the updated 2019 Beers Criteria by one of two pharmacists who were familiar with Beers Criteria. According to the 2019 Beers criteria, patients’ medical comorbidities were classified into the following diseases or conditions: congestive heart failure, syncope, delirium, insomnia, Parkinson’s disease, dementia or cognitive impairment, chronic seizures or epilepsy, history of falls or fractures, history of gastric or duodenal ulcers, and impaired renal function (chronic kidney disease stage four or less).