Drug–Disease and Drug–Syndrome PIMs
According to the Beers Criteria’s lists of drug-disease interactions, elderly patients with central nervous system conditions or with a history of falls or fractures were exposed to PIMs the most. 36.9% of the patients diagnosed with delirium were prescribed with antipsychotics (21.6%, olanzapine and quetiapine), followed by benzodiazepines (11.0%, estazolam, lorazepam, alprazolam etc.). 14.4 % of patients with dementia or cognitive impairment were treated with antipsychotics (9.1%) and benzodiazepines (5.3%). 7.1% of patients with a history of falls or fractures were prescribed with benzodiazepines and antipsychotics. PIMs regarding drug–disease or drug–syndrome interactions were illustrated in Supplement Table 2.