Adrenaline dose labelling
It is unclear whether the way adrenaline doses are labelled influences outcomes because the certainty of evidence is very low (supplement S5k). One trial with hospital professionals in a simulated environment found that professionals using ratio labels (1 mL of a 1:1000 solution) had a greater risk of dose errors compared with mass concentration labels (1 mg in 1 mL) (OR 13.4, 95% CI 2.2 to 81.7) and took longer to administer adrenaline (adjusted mean increase 91 seconds, 95% CI 61 to 122 seconds, very low certainty).11Wheeler DW, Carter JJ, Murray LJ, Degnan BA, Dunling CP, Salvador R, Menon DK, Gupta AK. The effect of drug concentration expression on epinephrine dosing errors: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2008 1;148(1):11-14.