Rate of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hypersensitivity
The allergy workup revealed from a total of 334 patients in 57 cases
(17%) a clinical suspicion of type 1 sensitization against the
SARS-CoV-vaccine and/or the excipients defined as one positive skin test
and/or basophil activation test. The majority of the SPT and IDT with
the vaccines were negative. Two patients had a systemic reaction after
the IDT (one for Comirnaty® and one for Spikevax®). Baseline tryptase
was not elevated in any of the patients except one who had a known
mastocytosis, the median value of baseline tryptase of a total of 113
measured cases was 4.49 µg/ml. The BAT was positive in seventeen cases
(Table 3).
As mentioned above 45 patients met the criteria of anaphylaxis according
to the Brighton criteria (level 1 corresponds to the highest, levels 2
and 3 to lower degrees of diagnostic certainty) [4]. The patients
were mostly females (42/45 cases, 93.3%). Of these in 11 cases, at
least one diagnostic test was positive (Table 4). The data revealed that
3 patients had a positive BAT for the suspected SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 4
patients were positive to PEG2000 in the IDT.