All
n=54 GH (+)
n=10 GH (-)
n=44 P
Age 65.1±9.4 66.5 (61.3-71.8) 64.5 (59.8-72.0) 0.59
Male, n (%) 45 (83.3) 9 (90.0) 36 (81.8) 1.00
Hypertension, n (%) 26 (8.2) 2 (20.0) 24 (54.5) 0.08
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) 10 (18.5) 2 (20.0) 8 (18.2) 1.00
Congestive heart failure, n (%) 11 (20.4) 1 (10.0) 10 (22.7) 0.67
Body mass index, kg/m2 25.1±4.8 22.0 (19.3-27.1) 25.0 (22.6-26.9) 0.14
Duration of AF, months 5.5 (2.0 - 20.8) 24.0 (10.5-34.0) 4.0 (2.0-13.0) 0.049
Left atrial diameter, mm 45.0±6.4 41.0 (36.3-41.8) 46.5 (42.8-50.0) <0.01
Left ventricular ejection fraction, % 59.8±9.7 61.0 (58.5-67.5) 60.0 (56.0-65.3) 0.65
Distance from LIPV to esophagus, mm 3.4±4.1 1.4 (1.2 - 2.1) 1.6 (1.4-2.6) 0.48
Distance from RIPV to esophagus, mm 16.7±8.9 13.8 (10.6-18.4) 15.1 (9.8-25.2) 0.96
Distance between the LA roof and esophagus, mm 11.0±4.3 8.4 (7.4-9.5) 9.7 (8.2-15.2) 0.15
Height of the LA roof *, mm 8.9±3.3 5.7 (5.1-6.1) 8.8 (7.1-11.2) <0.01
LSPV diameter, mm 25.3±3.3 23.4 (22.5-25.2) 25.2 (24.4-27.5) 0.06
LIPV diameter, mm 20.2±2.6 19.2 (18.3-19.5) 20.2 (18.1-22.4) 0.17
RSPV diameter, mm 27.5±3.3 27.2 (24.6-29.3) 27.3 (25.0-30.4) 0.76
RIPV diameter, mm 22.4±3.4 19.7 (19.0-20.5) 23.2 (21.2-24.9) <0.01