Ablation results
Ablation characteristics are shown in Table 2 . All PVs were successfully isolated, and complete conduction block at the LA roof was obtained in 52 patients (96.3%). Touch-up ablation with an irrigated RF catheter was required in 18 (33.3%) patients during PVIs (left superior PV: 3, left inferior PV: 3, right superior PV: 4, right middle PV: 1, right inferior PV: 9), and in seven (13.0%) patients during LA roof line ablations. Touch-up ablation at the LAPW was performed in eight patients (left inferior PV: 2, right superior PV: 2, right middle PV: 1, right inferior PV: 3). The mean isolated area of the LAPW, defined as the ratio of the scar area in the LAPW (voltage <0.1 mV) to the whole LAPW area, was 68.8 ± 21.0%.
LET during CBA reached 15°C in 19 patients (35.2%) (Figure 3) . LET reached 15°C most frequently during LIPV isolation (18 patients [33.3%]), while a drop in LET below 15°C during LA roof ablation occurred in 14 patients (25.9%). Transient phrenic nerve injury was observed in two patients (3.7%). No other procedural complications, such as stroke or cardiac tamponade, were observed.