SARS
The coronavirus that causes SARS is called SARS-CoV . or severe acute respiratory syndrome, was first identified in November 2002 in the Guangdong province of southern China. It spread to 26 countries in North America, South America, Europe and Asia before it was contained in July 2003.
The virus is thought to have spread likely from horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus ) to civet cats — small mammals that resemble weasels — before the first human patient was infected.
Symptoms of SARS In general, begins with a high fever ( [>38.0°C]). headache, an overall Feeling of discomfort and pain in the body, Some patients also suffer from respiratory distress and about 10 to 20 percent of patients suffer from diarrhea. It takes about 2 to 7 days to appear dry cough and most of them develop and suffer from pneumonia.
The incubation period for SARS is between 2 and 7 days, sometimes extending to 10 days or even in some rare cases above 14 days have been reported(Rabenau, Cinatl et al. 2005).
CDC recommends that patients with SARS receive the same treatment that would be used for a patient with any serious community-acquired atypical pneumonia. SARS-CoV is being tested against various antiviral drugs to see if an effective treatment can be found.
The risk factor: close contact with a symptomatic patient, were defined as persons who shared meals, utensils, a residence, a hospital room, or a transportation vehicle with a suspected SARS patient or as persons who visited such a patient in a period beginning up to 14 days before the patient’s onset of symptoms. In addition, persons with potential contact with the bodily secretions of a SARS patient during the patient’s treatment or care were considered close contacts.
As shown in the figure 2 during November 2002 through July 2003, a total of 8,098 people worldwide became sick with severe acute respiratory syndrome according to the (WHO). The total number of deaths are 774 people. By late July 2003, no new cases were being reported, and WHO declared the global outbreak to be over. For more information on the global SARS outbreak of 2003,( WHO’s SARS website External) .
How long can SARS-CoV survive without the living host cell? the virus may survive in the environment for several days. The life span of the virus depends on the ability of the virus to survive under variable conditions such as material or body fluid containing and various environmental conditions such as temperature or humidity (CDC).
Treatment and prevention the antiviral drugs used at that time against the SARS-COVID1 were Interferon and like an effective medicine(Cakebread, Xu et al. 2011).
about a SARS vaccine . Despite several attempts by laboratory researchers to obtain the vaccine, and then tested in animal models. No good results were found in the field of developing vaccines against the virus and they have not been able to test it on the human, and they have stopped further working because of the virus disappeared very predictably. Many factors such as summer temperature and strict quarantine for the infected peoples were involved in the end of SARS-CoV-1.