SARS
The coronavirus that causes SARS is called SARS-CoV . or severe acute
respiratory syndrome, was first identified in November 2002 in the
Guangdong province of southern China. It
spread to 26 countries
in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia before it was
contained in July 2003.
The virus is thought to have spread likely from horseshoe bats
(Rhinolophus sinicus ) to civet cats — small mammals that
resemble weasels — before the first human patient was infected.
Symptoms of SARS, In general, begins with a high fever (
[>38.0°C]). headache, and overall feeling of discomfort
and pain in the body, Some patients also suffer from respiratory
distress and about 10 to 20 percent of patients suffer from diarrhea. It
takes about 2 to 7 days to appear dry cough and most of them develop and
suffer from pneumonia.
The incubation period for SARS is between 2 and 7 days, sometimes
extending to 10 days or even in some rare cases above 14 days have been
reported(Rabenau, Cinatl, et al. 2005).
CDC recommends that patients with SARS receive the same treatment that
would be used for a patient with any serious community-acquired atypical
pneumonia. SARS-CoV is being tested against various antiviral drugs to
see if effective treatment can be found.
The risk factor: close contact with a symptomatic patient, were defined
as persons who shared meals, utensils, a residence, a hospital room, or
a vehicle with a suspected SARS patient or as persons who visited such a
patient in a period beginning up to 14 days before the patient’s onset
of symptoms. Also, persons with potential contact with the bodily
secretions of a SARS patient during the patient’s treatment or care were
considered close contacts.
As shown in figure 2 from November 2002 through July 2003, a total of
8,098 people worldwide became sick with severe acute respiratory
syndrome according to the (WHO). The total number of deaths is 774
people. By late July 2003, no new cases were being reported, and WHO
declared the global outbreak to be over. For more information on the
global SARS outbreak of
2003,( WHO’s SARS
website External) .
How long can SARS-CoV survive without the living host cell? the virus
may survive in the environment for several days. The life span of the
virus depends on the ability of the virus to survive under variable
conditions such as material or body fluid containing and various
environmental conditions such as temperature or humidity (CDC).
Treatment and prevention of the antiviral drugs used at that time
against the SARS-COVID1 were Interferon and like an effective
medicine(Cakebread, Xu et al. 2011).
about a SARS vaccine . Despite several attempts by laboratory
researchers to obtain the vaccine, and then tested in animal models. No
good results were found in the field of developing vaccines against the
virus and they have not been able to test it on the human, and they have
stopped further working because the virus disappeared very predictably.
Many factors such as summer temperature and strict quarantine for the
infected peoples were involved at the end of SARS-CoV-1.