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Specific immunoglobulin G4 inhibits Th2 cytokine production in allergic asthmatics with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus subcutaneous immunotherapy
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  • Qiujuan Su,
  • Nina Ren,
  • Xueni Zeng,
  • Yan Dong,
  • Mo Xian,
  • Xu Shi,
  • Tian Luo,
  • Gang Liu,
  • Mulin Feng,
  • Jing Li
Qiujuan Su
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Nina Ren
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Xueni Zeng
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Yan Dong
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Mo Xian
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Xu Shi
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Tian Luo
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Gang Liu
Clinical Research Center
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Mulin Feng
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Jing Li
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Abstract

Background: The modulations of subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) on lymphocyte subsets and cytokine productions are not fully clarified. Objective: We investigated the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets and serum Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus specific immunoglobulin G4 (Der-p-sIgG4), and cytokine productions in allergic asthmatics during Der-p SCIT. Methods: This study involved 20 allergic asthmatics receiving 156-week Der-p SCIT, 20 patients without SCIT (non-SCIT). Symptom and medication scores (SMS), serum Der-p-sIgG4 levels, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg), CD4+IL-4-IFN-γ+ T-helper (Th) 1, CD4+IL-4+IFN-γ- Th2 lymphocyte percentage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with/without Der-p extract stimulation at weeks 0, 4, 12, 16, 52, 104, and 156 were measured. Serum from SCIT and non-SCIT patients were incubated with Der-p allergen and Der-p sensitized PBMCs. Levels of interleukin (IL) -4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, interferon (IFN) -γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α and transfer growth factor (TGF) -β1 in supernatant were detected. Results: SCIT patients had significantly lower SMS after week 52. Der-p-sIgG4 levels in SCIT patients significantly increased at week 16 compared to non-SCIT subjects. CD4+IL-4+IFN-γ- Th2 percentage in SCIT patients showed a significant decrease from week 104 to 156 comparing to week 0, while no change was observed in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg and CD4+IL-4-IFN-γ+ Th1 percentage. IL-5, IL-13, IL-4, IL-17, and TNF-α levels in supernatant of Der-p-sensitized PBMCs, cultured with serum of SCIT patients after 16 weeks decreased significantly compared with non-SCIT patients, and showed significant reverse associations with Der-p-sIgG4 levels. Conclusion: SCIT down-regulated Th2 cytokine productions associated reversely with Dep-p-sIgG4 levels in Der-p allergic asthma patients.