Divergence time and historical demography
The divergence time between the northern and southern lineages estimated
using the two mtDNA cox1 molecular clock settings (0.7% and
2.4%/Mya) was 5.49–1.61 Mya, corresponding to the Pliocene to early-
to mid-Pleistocene, each coalescing at 0.94–0.30 Mya (the northern
lineage) and 0.99–0.29 Mya (the southern lineage), respectively (Fig.
5). Neutrality test showed significant negative (-) values of Tajima’sD and Fu’s FS in both lineages (Table 3).
The sequential mismatch distributions for the two lineages displayed a
skewed unimodal peak close to the Y-axis (Fig. 6).