Signs and symptoms
Nine studies provided information on fever, cough, shortness of breath, diarrhea, and fatigue in patients. The pooled results revealed that the proportion of patients with fever was 0.89 (95% CI 0.81,0.94) ) (I2=91%, p<0.01), cough was 0.74 (95% CI 0.59,0.84) (I2=96%, p<0.01), shortness of breath was 0.31 (95% CI 0.17,0.51) (I2=97%, p<0.01), diarrhoea was 0.08 (95% CI 0.04,0.17) (I2=92%, p<0.01), and fatigue was 0.44 (95% CI 0.31,0.59) (I2=95%, p<0.01). Moreover, of the eligible trials, eight, seven, and four provided information about headache, muscle ache, and sore throat, respectively. The pooled results revealed that the proportion of patients with headache was 0.14 (95% CI 0.09,0.22) (I2=90%, p<0.01), muscle ache was 0.030 (95% CI 0.20,0.42) (I2=92%, p<0.01), and sore throat was 0.03 (95% CI 0.00,0.19) (I2=98%, p=0.12) (eFigure 1 in the Supplement).