References

Aerts, R., & Chapin III, F. S. (1999). The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: a re-evaluation of processes and patterns. InAdvances in ecological research (Vol. 30, pp. 1-67): Elsevier.
Bai, Y. F., Han, X. G., Wu, J. G., Chen, Z. Z., & Li, L. H. (2004). Ecosystem stability and compensatory effects in the Inner Mongolia grassland. Nature, 431 (7005), 181-184. http://doi:10.1038/nature02850 (In Chinese.)
Bao, S.D. (2000) ‘Soil and agricultural chemical analysis.’ 3rd edn. pp. 42–58.(Agriculture Press: Beijing) (In Chinese.)
Brown, B. (1932). The Effects of Fertilization on the Chemical Composition of Vegetation in Pastures 1. Agronomy Journal, 24 (2), 129-145. http://doi:10.2134/agronj1932.00021962002400020
Chang, J. F., Dong, P. F., Wang, X. L., Liu, W. L., & Li, H., Chao. (2017). Effects of nitrogen application on carbon and nitrogen metabolism of different summer maize varieties. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 50 (12), 2282-2293. (In Chinese.)
Chen, W., McCaughey, W. P., Grant, C. A., & Bailey, L. D. (2001). Pasture type and fertilization effects on soil chemical properties and nutrient redistribution. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 81 (4), 395-404. http://doi:10.4141/s99-103
Chen, Z. Z., & Carran, A. (1990). The effects of appling nitrogen fertilizers in Autumn on the biomass and quality of grasses.Grassland of China (China), 2 , 19-23. (In Chinese.)
Clark, C. M., & Tilman, D. (2008). Loss of plant species after chronic low-level nitrogen deposition to prairie grasslands. Nature, 451 (7179), 712-715. http://doi:10.1038/nature06503
Dong, X. B., Hao, M. D., Guo, S., Shi, X., Ma, T., Liu, P., & Liu, G. (2014). Fertilization effects on hay yield and quality of Leymus chinensis . Pratacult Sci, 31 (10), 1935-1942. (In Chinese.)
Dong, Z. R., Tian, L. Z., Zhao, B., Wu, D. C., & Zhu, Y. G. (2008). Effects of nitrogen application on the yield and quality of Triticale cereale. Pratacultural Science, 25 (5), 64-67. (In Chinese.)
Gao, C., Zhang, Y. X., Chen, J. S., Di, G. L., Pan, D. F., Wang, J. L., . . . Zhong, P. (2015). Analysis of soil nitrogen dynamics of Medicago sativa and Leymus chinensis pasture in the Songnen Plain.Pratacultural Science, 32 (4). http://doi:10.11829\j.issn.1001-0629.2014-0315 (In Chinese.)
Ge, G., Li, Z., Fan, F., Chu, G., Hou, Z., & Liang, Y. (2010). Soil biological activity and their seasonal variations in response to long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Plant and Soil, 326 (1-2), 31.
Guan, S.Y., et al. Soil enzymes and the research methods. Agriculture Press: Beijing.1986. (In Chinese.)
Guo, J. H., Liu, X. J., Zhang, Y., Shen, J. L., Han, W. X., Zhang, W. F., . . . Zhang, F. (2010). Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands. Science, 327(5968), 1008-1010. http://doi:10.1126/science.1182570
Hajiboland, R. (2013). Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in Amelioration of Salinity. In Salt Stress in Plants (pp. 301-354).
Hector, A., & Bagchi, R. (2007). Biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. Nature, 448 (7150), 188-190. http://doi:10.1038/nature05947
Hu, D.X., Wang, J.L., Pan, D.F., Zhang, R.B., Li, D.M., Tang, F.L., Shen, Z.B.. Effects of fertilization on yield and quality ofLeymus chinensis cultivated grassland. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2017, 39(01):35-41. (In Chinese.)
Huang, L. H., & Liang, Z. W. (2008). Ionic absorption characteristics of Leymus chinensis seeded in various pH soils. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 1 , 35-39. (In Chinese.)
Huang, L. H., Liang, Z. W., Suarez, D. L., Wang, Z. C., & Wang, M. M. (2019). Effects of continuous nitrogen application on seed yield, yield components and nitrogen-use efficiency of Leymus chinensis in two different saline-sodic soils of Northeast China. Crop and Pasture Science, 70 (4). http://doi:10.1071/cp18274
Huang, L. H., Liang, Z. W., Suarez, D. L., Wang, Z. C., Wang, M. M., Yang, H. Y., & Liu, M. (2016). Impact of cultivation year, nitrogen fertilization rate and irrigation water quality on soil salinity and soil nitrogen in saline-sodic paddy fields in Northeast China. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 154 (4), 632. http://doi:10.1017/s002185961500057x
Huang, L., Liang, Z., Suarez, D. L., Wang, Z., Ma, H., Wang, M., . . . Liu, M. (2015). Continuous Nitrogen Application Differentially Affects Growth, Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Leymus chinensis in Two Saline-Sodic Soils of Northeastern China. Agronomy Journal, 107 (1), 314-322. http://doi:10.2134/agronj14.0250
Jin, H., Kim, H. R., Plaha, P., Liu, S. K., Park, J. Y., Piao, Y. Z., . . . Lim, Y. P. (2008). Expression profiling of the genes induced by Na2CO3 and NaCl stresses in leaves and roots of Leymus chinensis .Plant Science, 175 (6), 784-792. http://doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.07.016
Jing, X., Sanders, N. J., Shi, Y., Chu, H., Classen, A. T., Zhao, K., . . . He, J. S. (2015). The links between ecosystem multifunctionality and above- and belowground biodiversity are mediated by climate. Nat Commun, 6 , 8159. http://doi:10.1038/ncomms9159
Kraft, B., Tegetmeyer, H. E., Sharma, R., Klotz, M. G., Ferdelman, T. G., Hettich, R. L., . . . Strous, M. (2014). Nitrogen cycling. The environmental controls that govern the end product of bacterial nitrate respiration. Science, 345 (6197), 676-679. http://doi:10.1126/science.1254070
Kumar, P., Lai, L., Battaglia, M. L., Kumar, S., Owens, V., Fike, J., . . . Viands, D. (2019). Impacts of nitrogen fertilization rate and landscape position on select soil properties in switchgrass field at four sites in the USA. Catena, 180 , 183-193. http://doi:10.1016/j.catena.2019.04.028
Li, P. P., Wang, B., Liu, G. B., & Li, B. B. (2017). Effects of nitrogen addition on the population characteristics of Bothriochloa ischaemum and soil properties. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 015 (002), 35-42. (In Chinese.)
Li, S. H., Xu, X., Hui, H. X., Mi, H. L., & Ma, X. Q. (2002). Study on K^+, Na^+ selective absorption of different organs of spring wheat under soil saline sodic stress in different growth season. Acta Botanica Boreali Occidentalia Sinica, 22 (3), 587-594. http://doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-4025.2002.03.020 (In Chinese.)
Manning, P., Van der Plas, F., Soliveres, S., Allan, E., Maestre, F. T., Mace, G., . . . Fischer, M. (2018). Redefining ecosystem multifunctionality. Nat Ecol Evol, 2 (3), 427-436. http://doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0461-7
Marcos, E., Calvo, L., & Luis‐Calabuig, E. (2003). Effects of fertilization and cutting on the chemical composition of vegetation and soils of mountain heathlands in Spain. Journal of Vegetation Science, 14 (3), 417-424. http://doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2003.tb02167.x
Mou, X. Effect of nitrogen addition on stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen and phosphotus in grassland. China Water, 2015,15(3):100-101. (In Chinese.)
Murtaza, G., Hussain, N., & Ghafoor, A. (2000). Growth response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to fertilizer nitrogen in salt-affected soils.Int. J. Agric. Biol, 2 , 204-206.
Peng, C. J., Li, Q., Gu, H. H., & Song, X. Z. (2017). Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition and management type on soil enzyme activities in Moso bamboo forest. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 28 (2), 423-429. http://doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201702.001(In Chinese.)
Pfisterer, A. B., & Schmid, B. (2002). Diversity-dependent production can decrease the stability of ecosystem functioning. Nature, 416 (6876), 84-86. http://doi:10.1038/416084a
QI, H., LUO, W., SUN, Y. J., & GUO, J. X. (2013). Responses ofLeymus chinensis quantity characteristic to simulated warming and nitrogen application in Songnen Grassland. Journal of Northeast Normal University (Natural Science Edition) (2), 20. (In Chinese.)
Qiao, Y. F., Han, X. Z., Han, B. J., Li, H.-b., & Wang, S. Q. (2007). Soil organic carbon and nitrogen of black farmland growth and decline under a long-term experiment chemical fertilizer applications [J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 4 . (In Chinese.)
Qin, Y., He, F., Tong, Z. Y., Xie, K. Y, Wang, D., Gammal, Quan, G.L., Song, Q., Wang Hu, … Xiang, L. Influence of fertilizer use on nitrogen transformation in soils of the Leymus chinensis steppe. Acta Prataculturae sinica, 2016, 25(10):48-55. http://doi:10.11686/cyxb2015561 (In Chinese.)
Rizhiya, E. Y., Boitsova, L., Buchkina, N., & Panova, G. (2011). The influence of crop residues with different C: N ratios on the N2O emission from a loamy sand soddy-podzolic soil.Eurasian Soil Science, 44 (10), 1144. http://doi:10.1134/S1064229311100115
Setia, R., Gottschalk, P., Smith, P., Marschner, P., Baldock, J., Setia, D., & Smith, J. (2013). Soil salinity decreases global soil organic carbon stocks. Science of The Total Environment, 465 , 267-272. http://doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.028
Shi, L. X., Gong, L., Hu, Y. J., & Guo, J. X. (2008). Study on the soluble carbohydrate and soluble protein of Leymus chinensiswintering rhizome in different saline-alkaline glassland. Journal of Northeast Normal University (Natural Science Edi tion) 2008(02):88-92. (In Chinese.)
Singh, K. (2015). Microbial and Enzyme Activities of Saline and Sodic Soils. Land Degradation & Development, 27 (3), 706-718. http://doi:10.1002/ldr.2385
Song, X. G., Hu, T. X., Xian, J. R., & Xiao, C. L. (2009). Soil enzyme activities and its response to simulated nitrogen deposition in an evergreen broad-leaved forest, southern Sichuan. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 29 (3), 1234-1240. http://doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9623-5_5 (In Chinese.)
Song, Y. T., Li, Q., Wang, P., Zhou, D. W., & Wu, Y. N. (2016). Response of Leymus chinensis functional traits and aboveground biomass to nitrogen addition in Songnen grassland in northeast China.Pratacult Sci, 33 (7), 1383-1390. (In Chinese.)
Tan, S.Y., Wei, L.M., Wang, F., et al. Effect of urea on fermentation quality of Sudan grass silage. China Feed , 2014, (17 ):18-19+22. (In Chinese.)
Vitousek, P. M., Naylor, R., Crews, T., David, M. B., Drinkwater, L. E., Holland, E., . . . Zhang, F. S. (2009). Nutrient imbalances in agricultural development. Science, 324 (5934), 1519-1520. http://doi:10.1126/science.1170261
Wang, G.F. & An, S.Z. Effect of Fertilizers on Soil Fertility,Population Structure and Yield of Herbages in Degraded Grassland. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2010(09):278+287. (In Chinese.)
Wang, P., Yin, L. J., & Li, J. D. (1994). Studies on the adaptabity and to lerance of Leymus chinensis to salinity in salinized grassland in the Songnen plain. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 14 (3), 306-311. (In Chinese.)
WANG, Y. Y., CHEN, S. T., LIU, Y. F., & ZHAI, X. Y. (2015). Effects of exogenous nitrogen addition on carbon dioxide emission and enzyme activities of a forest soil. Chinese Journal of Ecology (5), 3. http://doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.20150311.039 (In Chinese.)
Wang, Z. M., Song, K. S., Zhang, B., Liu, D. W., Ren, C. Y., Luo, L., . . . Liu, Z. M. (2009). Shrinkage and fragmentation of grasslands in the West Songnen Plain, China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 129 (1-3), 315-324. http://doi:10.1016/j.agee.2008.10.009
Wong, V. N. L., Greene, R. S. B., Dalal, R. C., & Murphy, B. W. (2010). Soil carbon dynamics in saline and sodic soils: a review. Soil use and management, 26 (1), 2-11. http://doi:10.1111/j.1475-2743.2009.00251.x
Xu M.G., Li D.C., Li J.M., Qin D.Z., Kazuyuki Yagi, Yasukazu Hosen. Effects of Organic Manure Application Combined with Chemical Fertilizers on Nutrients Absorption and Yield of Rice in Hunan of China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2008(10):3133-3139. (In Chinese.)
Yin, L. J., Shi, D. C., & Wang, P. (1993). Growth adaptability and salt tolerance osmoregulation of Aneurolepidium chinense grown on saline grassland. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 35 (8). (In Chinese.)
Zhang, F. S., Wang, J. Q., Zhang, W. F., Cui, Z. L., Ma, W. Q., Chen, X. P., & Jiang, R. F. (2008). Nutrient use efficiencies of major cereal crops in China and measures for improvement. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 45 (5), 915-924. http://doi:10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.2008.05.018 (In Chinese.)
Zhang, L., Huang, J. H., Bai, Y. F., & Han, X. G. (2009). Effects of nitrogen addition on net nitrogen mineralization in Leymus chinensis grassland, Inner Mongolia, China. Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version), 33 (3), 563-569. (In Chinese.)
Zhao, Y. t., Li, X. F., Han, S. J., & Hu, Y. L. (2008). Soil enzyme activities under two forest types as affected by different levels of nitrogen deposition. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 19 (12), 2769-2773. (In Chinese.)
Zhou, C., Zou, Z. Y., & YANG, Y. F. (2009). Effect of salt-alkali stress on soluble protein of Leymus chinensis . Journal of Northeast Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 3 (41), 94-96. (In Chinese.)
Zhu, Y. C. (2004). Yang-Cao biological ecology. Changchun: Jilin Science and Technology Press (In Chinese).