Acknowledgements
We acknowledge G. Halverson (Vale), D. Paine and N. McDonald who pioneered the thermal aerial culling methodology in Raukumara, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. This study was made possible with the participation of Kangaroo Island National Parks and Wildlife Service and Kiland Ltd (Formerly KI Plantation Timbers) and several private landholders on the Limestone Coast. We thank C. Wilsdon, T. Fitzgerald and W. White for collecting the data during the aerial operations on the Limestone Coast, as well as S. Comte for providing comments on this manuscript. The work on Kangaroo Island was jointly funded through State and Commonwealth Government Disaster Recovery Arrangements. The work on the Limestone Coast was funded through the National Feral Deer Coordinator Project (a Centre for Invasive Species Solutions project, funded by the Australian Government). All aerial culling was completed as part of ongoing pest animal management operations that do not require animal ethics approval. The authors declare no conflict of interest.