Intranasal OT ameliorated DSS-induced intestinal inflammation
In addition to improving abnormal stress-related behavior in the IBD mice, intranasal OT treatment ameliorated intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, the intranasal OT treated mice recovered their weight loss compared to the untreated IBD mice. Besides the intranasal OT treated mice showed an increase in colon length, decreased disease activity score, decreased histological score, decreased colon macroscopic damage score, and a reduction in the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β(Fig.3A-H). However, the intranasal OT+ intranasal atosiban co-treated mice showed effects opposite to those observed in the intranasal OT mice (Fig.3A-H).