Table 1. Baseline patients’ characteristics and peri-operative outcomes, MVS
Overall N=6815 No-MetS N=6506 MetS N=309
p
Age, y/o, (mean (SD)) 65.5 (12.6) 65.2 (12.7) 70.8 (8.3) <0.001
BMI kg/m2 (mean (SD)) 25.8 (4.5) 25.5 (4.1) 29.4 (5.9) <0.001
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 664 (9.7) 546 (8.4) 118 (38.2) <0.001
Sex male, n (%) 3445 (50.6) 3312 (50.9) 133 (43) 0.008
Diabetes, n (%) <0.001
IDDM, n (%) 85 (1.2) 28 (0.4) 57 (18.4)
NIDDM, n (%) 325 (4.8) 140 (2.2) 185 (59.9)
IGT/IFT, n (%) 115 (1.7) 48 (0.7) 67 (21.7)
Atherogenic dyslipidemia, n (%) 2055 (30.2) 1773 (27.3) 282 (91.3) <0.001
Systemic hypertension, n (%) 3454 (50.7) 3152 (48.4) 302 (97.7) <0.001
Creatinine > 1.2 mg/dl 162 (2.4) 134 (2.1) 28 (9.1) <0.001
COPD, n (%) 319 (4.7) 281 (4.3) 38 (12.3) <0.001
LVEF, %, (mean (SD)) 54 (8.7) 54.2 (8.6) 50.5 (9.5) <0.001
Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) 136 (2) 113 (1.7) 23 (7.4) <0.001
Previous CABG/PCI 401 (5.8) 369 (5.6) 32 (10.3) 0.002
Current/ ex-smokers, n (%) 1491 (21.8) 1387 (21.3) 104 (33.6) <0.001
Redo surgery, n (%) 524 (7.7) 483 (7.4) 41 (13.3) <0.001
AF§, n (%) 1628 (23.9) 1505 (23.1) 123 (39.8) <0.001
Operation type
Mitral valve repair, n (%) 4560 (66.9) 4361 (67) 199 (64.4) 0.70
Mitral valve replacement, n (%) 2255 (33) 2150 (33) 105 (33.9) 0.85
Associated tricuspid repair, n (%) 1102 (16.1) 1054 (16.2) 48 (15.5) 0.85
Minimally invasive, n (%) 3346 (49.1) 3183 (48.9) 163 (52.8) 0.20
CPB time, min, median (IQR) 87 (46) 81 (43.5) 88 (46) <0.001
Cross clamp time, min, median (IQR) 66 (41) 59 (43) 62 (30) 0.73
Ventilation time, hours, median (IQR) 7 (5) 7 (6) 8 (7) 0.02
RBC transfused, n (%) 1885 (27.7) 1753 (26.9) 132 (42.7) <0.001
Invalidating stroke, n (%) 24 (0.4) 23 (0.4) 1 (0.3) 0.99
Renal failure, n (%) 448 (6.6) 386 (5.9) 62 (20.1) <0.001
ICU LOS, days, median (IQR) 2 (1) 2 (1) 2 (2) <0.001
Post-operative LOS, days, median (IQR) 10 (6) 10 (6) 11 (9) <0.001
In-hospital mortality, n (%) 149 (2.2) 129 (2) 20 (6.5) <0.001
Data are reported as number or frequency or mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR). AF: Atrial fibrillation. BMI: Body mass index. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CPB: Cardiopulmonary bypass. ICU: Intensive care unit. IDDM: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. IGT: Impaired glucose tolerance. IFT: Impaired fasting glucose. LVEF: Left ventricle ejection function. MetS: Metabolic syndrome. MVS: Mitral valve surgery. NIDDM: non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. RBC: Red blood cells. Refers to at least 2 units of RBC transfused § Include paroxysmal, persistent and permanent AF. Data are reported as number or frequency or mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR). AF: Atrial fibrillation. BMI: Body mass index. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CPB: Cardiopulmonary bypass. ICU: Intensive care unit. IDDM: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. IGT: Impaired glucose tolerance. IFT: Impaired fasting glucose. LVEF: Left ventricle ejection function. MetS: Metabolic syndrome. MVS: Mitral valve surgery. NIDDM: non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. RBC: Red blood cells. Refers to at least 2 units of RBC transfused § Include paroxysmal, persistent and permanent AF. Data are reported as number or frequency or mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR). AF: Atrial fibrillation. BMI: Body mass index. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CPB: Cardiopulmonary bypass. ICU: Intensive care unit. IDDM: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. IGT: Impaired glucose tolerance. IFT: Impaired fasting glucose. LVEF: Left ventricle ejection function. MetS: Metabolic syndrome. MVS: Mitral valve surgery. NIDDM: non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. RBC: Red blood cells. Refers to at least 2 units of RBC transfused § Include paroxysmal, persistent and permanent AF. Data are reported as number or frequency or mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR). AF: Atrial fibrillation. BMI: Body mass index. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CPB: Cardiopulmonary bypass. ICU: Intensive care unit. IDDM: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. IGT: Impaired glucose tolerance. IFT: Impaired fasting glucose. LVEF: Left ventricle ejection function. MetS: Metabolic syndrome. MVS: Mitral valve surgery. NIDDM: non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. RBC: Red blood cells. Refers to at least 2 units of RBC transfused § Include paroxysmal, persistent and permanent AF. Data are reported as number or frequency or mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR). AF: Atrial fibrillation. BMI: Body mass index. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CPB: Cardiopulmonary bypass. ICU: Intensive care unit. IDDM: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. IGT: Impaired glucose tolerance. IFT: Impaired fasting glucose. LVEF: Left ventricle ejection function. MetS: Metabolic syndrome. MVS: Mitral valve surgery. NIDDM: non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. RBC: Red blood cells. Refers to at least 2 units of RBC transfused § Include paroxysmal, persistent and permanent AF.