2.1. Study Design and Participants
In this study, the records of patients that presented to our hospital
with urolithiasis between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2020 were
retrospectively analyzed. The case presentations were classified using
the International Classification of Disease-10 coding system (ICD-10).
In the ICD-10 code system, patients assigned the N20-23 codes (kidney
stone, kidney and ureteral stone, ureteral stone, kidney and ureteral
stones, unidentified ureteral stone, and renal colic) were screened.
Patients aged 18 years or older who had non-contrast CT of the
abdomen/pelvis and urinalysis (UA) and were diagnosed with ureteral
stones were included in the study. Local ethics committee approval was
obtained for the study (Ethics committee number: 2021/01-83).
Incomplete records, absence of a ureteral stone in the non-contrast CT
radiology report, presence of two or more ureteral stones, presence of a
ureteral stent or nephrostomy tube, missing UA results, presence of any
intraabdominal or pelvic mass resulting in ureteral obstruction, and
< 18 years of age were excluded from the study.