Sputum (n=104) Sputum (n=104) Sputum (n=104) Bronchial brushing (n=103) Bronchial brushing (n=103) Bronchial brushing (n=103) Bronchial biopsy (n=81) Bronchial biopsy (n=81) Bronchial biopsy (n=81)
Parameters ACE2† TMPRSS2† FURIN† ACE2† TMPRSS2† FURIN† ACE2† TMPRSS2† FURIN†
Age (years) 0.009 (-0.005 to 0.024) -0.012 (-0.025 to 0.002) 0.009 (-0.005 to 0.023) -0.006 (-0.018 to 0.007) -0.0005 (-0.014 to 0.013) 0.002 (-0.012 to 0.016) 0.003 (-0.012 to 0.019) 0.012 (-0.005 to 0.028) 0.088 (-0.012 to 0.016)
Male (vs. female) 0.320 (-0.078 to 0.718) 0.194 (-0.186 to 0.575) -0.263 (-0.637 to 0.112) -0.183 (-0.537 to 0.170) 0.350 (-0.018 to 0.719) 0.533 (0.143 to 0.924)** 0.086 (-0.328 to 0.500) 0.281 (-0.156 to 0.718) 0.183 (-0.258 to 0.624)
Ever smoking (vs. never) -0.077 (-0.485 to 0.332) 0.233 (-0.153 to 0.618) 0.104 (-0.279 to 0.487) 0.252 (-0.129 to 0.632) 0.191 (-0.212 to 0.594) 0.225 (-0.210 to 0.659) 0.482 (0.031 to 0.933)* 0.218 (-0.274 to 0.710) 0.225 (-0.210 to 0.659)
BMI (kg/m2) 0.009 (-0.029 to 0.048) 0.024 (-0.012 to 0.060) 0.013 (-0.023 to 0.049) 0.013 (-0.016 to 0.043) 0.034 (0.003 to 0.064)* -0.014 (-0.048 to 0.019) -0.035 (-0.070 to 0.00001) 0.004 (-0.035 to 0.042) -0.014 (-0.048 to 0.019)
Sputum eosinophils (%)† 0.0001 (-0.056 to 0.056) 0.031 (-0.065 to 0.126) -0.080 (-0.152 to -0.008)* -0.080 (-0.202 to 0.041), n=24 -0.102 (-0.236 to 0.033), n=24 0.033 (-0.153 to 0.219), n=24 -0.053 (-0.235 to 0.130), n=27 -0.009 (-0.216 to 0.197), n=27 -0.030 (-0.206 to 0.146), n=27
Sputum neutrophils (%)† 0.103 (-0.061 to 0.267) 0.001 (-0.263 to 0.264) 0.613 (0.438 to 0.788)*** -0.248 (-0.674 to 0.179), n=24 -0.029 (-0.467 to 0.408), n=24 0.159 (-0.388 to 0.706), n=24 0.096 (-0.592 to 0.784), n=27 -0.293 (-1.098 to 0.512), n=27 0.040 (-0.629 to 0.709), n=27
Blood eosinophils (%)† 0.166 (0.041 to 0.291)* 0.072 (-0.134 to 0.278) -0.009 (-0.176 to 0.157) -0.057 (-0.183 to 0.068) 0.015 (-0.113 to 0.143) 0.121 (-0.032 to 0.274) -0.018 (-0.159 to 0.124) 0.010 (-0.172 to 0.192) -0.011 (-0.184 to 0.163)
Blood neutrophils (%)† 0.300 (0.071 to 0.529)* -0.307 (-0.678 to 0.063) 0.389 (0.095 to 0.682)* 0.176 (-0.027 to 0.380) 0.090 (-0.120 to 0.300) 0.266 (0.014 to 0.519)* 0.179 (-0.059 to 0.418) 0.398 (0.099 to 0.697)* 0.140 (-0.160 to 0.440)
FeNO (ppb) 0.001 (-0.005 to 0.006) 0.001 (-0.004 to 0.007) -0.003 (-0.008 to 0.002) 0.004 (-0.002 to 0.010) 0.004 (-0.002 to 0.011) 0.0002 (-0.007 to 0.007) -0.001 (-0.008 to 0.007) -0.005 (-0.013 to 0.003) 0.0002 (-0.007 to 0.007)
Serum periostin (ng/ml) 0.005 (-0.008 to 0.018) -0.004 (-0.016 to 0.009) 0.004 (-0.008 to 0.018) -0.007 (-0.021 to 0.008) -0.007 (-0.223 to 0.009) 0.009 (-0.007 to 0.025) 0.003 (-0.015 to 0.022) -0.010 (-0.030 to 0.010) 0.009 (-0.007 to 0.025)
Atopy (vs. no) 0.010 (-0.471 to 0.491) 0.254 (-0.202 to 0.711) -0.312 (-0.761 to 0.137) 0.276 (-0.146 to 0.699) 0.061 (-0.390 to 0.512) -0.013 (-0.501 to 0.475) 0.345 (-0.132 to 0.821) -0.383 (-0.890 to 0.123) -0.013 (-0.501 to 0.475)
Post-BD FEV1 (% predicted) -0.011 (-0.019 to -0.003)** 0.007 (-0.001 to 0.015) -0.011 (-0.019 to -0.004)** 0.006 (-0.002 to 0.014) -0.002 (-0.010 to 0.007) -.009 (-0.018 to 0.0004) -0.006 (-0.016 to 0.005) -0.007 (-0.018 to 0.004) -0.009 (-0.018 to 0.0004)
Allergic rhinitis (vs. no) -0.029 (-0.440 to 0.381) 0.069 (-0.314 to 0.452) -0.239 (-0.603 to 0.126) -0.007 (-0.376 to 0.362) -0.245 (-0.628 to 0.137) -0.287 (-0.701 to 0.127) -0.040 (-0.464 to 0.385) -0.218 (-0.667 to 0.231) -0.287 (-0.701 to 0.127)
Nasal polyps (vs. no) 0.341 (-0.081 to 0.763) 0.054 (-0.352 to 0.459) 0.228 (-0.168 to 0.623) -0.293 (-0.694 to 0.108) 0.041 (-0.363 to 0.446) 0.022 (-0.432 to 0.475) 0.505 (0.027 to 0.982)* 0.341 (-0.167 to 0.849) 0.022 (-0.432 to 0.475)
OCS use (vs. no) 0.650 (0.273 to 1.027)** 0.008 (-0.370 to 0.387) 0.351 (-0.017 to 0.718) -0.408 (-0.769 to -0.047)* 0.014 (-0.377 to 0.404) 0.044 (-0.377 to 0.465) -0.302 (-0.735 to 0.130) 0.356 (-0.104 to 0.816) 0.044 (-0.377 to 0.465)
Severe asthma (vs. non-severe) 0.882 (0.408 to 1.356)*** -0.008 (-0.487 to 0.472) 0.665 (0.210 to 1.120)** -0.063 (-0.435 to 0.310) 0.205 (-0.186 to 0.596) 0.005 (-0.377 to 0.471) 0.321 (-0.107 to 0.749) 0.391 (-0.064 to 0.845) 0.047 (-0.377 to 0.471)