Declarations
Funding: No funding has been obtained for the meta-trial. Individual
contributing studies/countries are responsible for their own funding.
Availability of data and material: The datasets used for the current
manuscript are available from the corresponding author on reasonable
request.
Competing interests:
AA and MCR report a research grant for preclinical research from Grifols
and from Fisher&Paykel, and payment as Scientific Advisor for Grifols,
outside the submitted work. JL reports receiving an Academic
Collaboration grant funded by Science Foundation Ireland and Aerogen
Inc. for a different study (CHARTER-Ireland). JS is Scientific Advisor
for and has shares in Ockham Biotech Ltd, which holds patents around the
use of inhaled heparin. TW is Chief Investigator of the ACCORD COVID
Research Programme. DS reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, personal
fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, personal fees from Chiesi, personal fees
from Cipla, personal fees from Genentech, personal fees from
GlaxoSmithKline, personal fees from Glenmark, personal fees from
Gossamerbio, personal fees from Menarini, personal fees from
Mundipharma, personal fees from Novartis, personal fees from
Peptinnovate, personal fees from Pfizer, personal fees from Pulmatrix,
personal fees from Theravance, personal fees from Verona, outside the
submitted work. All other authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements: The authors wish to acknowledge Ms Beth Croce, medical
illustrator, for designing the figure for this manuscript.
Keywords: COVID-19, ARDS, SARS, inhaled heparin, nebulised heparin,
unfractionated heparin, SARS-CoV-2, respiratory failure, pandemic,
randomised controlled trial, meta-trial