Figure 3. Direction of shift in NRB, phenology shift, population trend, and hypothesis-related response per species, organized by their phylogeny.There was no systematic community-wide direction in any of the three responses (phenology shift: mean= 0.02±0.02 days/year; t=0.63; p=0.53; range shift (residual km): mean= -28 ±39.3 km; t=-0.71; p=0.48; population trend: mean=-0.005±0.01; t=-0.32; p=0.75). We also found no difference in the estimates between the two main taxonomic groups, butterflies and moths (Table S2)). 46.7% (32.5+14.2) of the studied species either shifted their NRB northwards or phenology earlier (hypothesis 2), 40.5% neither shifted their NRB northwards nor phenology earlier (hypothesis 0), and 12.8% of the studied species shifted both their NRB northwards and phenology earlier (hypothesis 1). Moth icon by Carpe Diem and butterfly icon by tulpahn, both from the Noun Project https://thenounproject.com/.