WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS
This study investigated the safety and pharmacokinetics of single doses of nemonoxacin in severe renal impairment patients compared with that in health controls. Creatinine clearance was identified as the main covariate influencing nemonoxacin pharmacokinetics. There is a significant non-renal elimination pathway in renal impairment patients. Model-based simulations showed nemonoxacin 0.5 g q48h might be the optimal regimen in severe renal impairment. These findings should be validated in real patients via clinical studies.