REFERENCES
1. Rosenberg I. Summary comments: epidemiological and methodological problems in determining nutritional status of older persons. Am J Clin Nutr 1989; 50: 1231-3.
2. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boririe, Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, Martin FC, Michel JP, Rolland Y, Schneider SM, Topinkova E, Vanderwoude M, Zamboni M. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in older people. Age Ageing 2010; 39(4):412-23.
3. Janssen I, Heymsfield SB, Ross R. Low relative skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) in older persons is associated with functional impairment and physical disability. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002; 50(5):889-96.
4. Peterson SJ, Braunschweig CA. Prevalence of sarcopenia and associated outcomes in the clinical setting. Nutrition in Clinical Practise 2016;31(1): 40-8.
5. Baggerman MR, van Dijk DPJ, Winkens B, et al. Muscle wasting associated co-morbidities, rather than sarcopenia are risk factors for hospital mortality in critical illness. J Crit Care 2019; 56:31-36.
6. Marty E, Liu Y, Samuel A, Or O, Lane J. A review of sarcopenia: Enhancing awareness of an increasingly prevelant disease. Bone 2017; 105:276-86.
7 . Shen W, Punyanitya M, Wang Z, et al. Total body skeletal muscle and adipose tissue volumes: estimation from a single abdominal cross-sectional image. J Appl Physiol 2004; 97: 2333–2338
8. Alexandre TS, Duarte YAO, Santos JLF, Wong R, Lebrao ML. Sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in older people (EWGSOP) versus dynapenia as a risk factor for disability in the elderly. J Nur Health Aging 2014;18(8):751-6. doi: 10.1007/s12603-014-0450-3.
9. Durand F, Buyse S, Francoz C, Laovenan C, Bruno O, Belghiti J, Moreau R, et al. Prognostic value of muscle atrophy in cirrhosis using psoas muscle thickness on computed tomography. J Hepatol 2014; 60(6):1151-7.
10. Hanna JS. Sarcopenia and critical illness: A deadly combination in the elderly. J Parent Enteral Nutr 2015; 39(3):273-81.
11. Shibahashi K, Sugiyama K, Kashiura M, Hamabe Y. Decreasing skeletal muscle as a risk factor for mortality in elderly patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study. J Intensive Care. 2017;5:8.
12. de Hoogt PA, Reisinger KW, Tegels JJW, Bosmans J, Tijssen F, Stoot J. Functional Compromise Cohort Study (FCCS): Sarcopenia is a Strong Predictor of Mortality in the Intensive Care Unit. World J Surg. Jun 2018;42(6):1733-1741.
13. Joyce PR, O’Dempsey R, Kirby G, Anstey C. A retrospective observational study of sarcopenia and outcomes in critically ill patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. May 2020;48(3):229-235.
14. Gu DH, Kim MY, Seo YS, Kim SG, Lee HA, Kim TH, Jung YK, et al. Clinical usefulness of psoas muscle thickness for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis. Clin Mol Hepatol 2018;24(3):319-30 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2017.0077.
15. van Vugt JLA, Levolger S, Gharbharan A, Koek M, Niessen WJ, Burger JWA, Willemsen SP, et al. A comparative study of software programmes for cross‐sectional skeletal muscle and adipose tissue measurements on abdominal computed tomography scans of rectal cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017;8(2):285-97.
16. Prado CM, Lieffers JR, McCarger LJ, et al. Prevelance and clinical implications of sarcopenic obesity in patients with solid tumours of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts: a population-based study. Lanvet Oncol 2008; 9(7):629-35.
17. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Landi F, Schneider SM, Zuniga C, Arai H, Boirie Y, Chen LK, et al. Prevelance of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the International Sarcopenia Initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS). Age Aging 2014; 43(6):748-59.
18. Moisey LL, Mourtzakis M, Cotton BA, et al. Skeletal muscle predicts ventilator-free days, ICU-free days, and mortality in elderly ICU patients. Crit Care 2013; 17(5):R206.
19. Sheean PM, Peterson SJ, Gomez Perez S, et al. The prevelance of sarcopenia in patients with respiratory failure classified as normally nourished using computed tomography and subjective global assessment. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nur 2014; 38: 873-9.
20. Mundi MS, Patel JJ, Martindale R. Body composition technology: Implications for the ICU. Nutr Clin Pract 2019;34(1):48-58.
21. Kirk PS, Friedman JF, Cron DC, Terjimanian BS, Wang SC, Campbell DA, Englesbe MJ, Werner NL. One-year postoperative resource utilization in sarcopenic patients. J Surg Res 2015;199(1):51-5.
22. Baumgartner RN, Koehler KM, Romero L, Garry PJ. Serum albumin is associated with skeletal muscle in elderly men and women Am J Clin Nutr.1996;64(4):552-8.
23. Kim H, Suzuki T, Kim M, et al. Incidence and predictors of sarcopenia onset in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women: 4-year follow-up study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015;16:85.e1-85 e8.
24. Chen Q, Hao Q, Dıng Y, Dong B. The association between sarcopenia and prealbumin levels among elderly Chinese inpatients. J Nutr Health Aging 2019;23(2):122-7.
25. Weijs PJM, Looijaard WGPM, Dekker IM, et al. Low skeletal muscle area is a risk factor for mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Critical Care 2014;18: R12.
26. Parry SM, El-Ansary D, Cartwright MS, et al. Ultrasonography in the intensive care setting can be used to detect changes in the quality and quantity of muscle and is related to muscle strength and function. J Crit Care 2015;30(5): 1151.e9-1151.e14.
27. Patel V, Romano M, Corkins MR, et al. Nutrition screening and assessment in hospitalized patients: a survey of current practise in the United states. Nutr Clin Pract 2014;29(4):483-90.
28. Sheetz KH, Waits SA, Terjimanian MN, et al. Cost of major surgery in the sarcopenic patient. J Am Coll Surg 2013;217(5):813-8.
29. Martin L, Birdsell L, Mac Donald N, et al. Cancer cachexia in the age of obesity: skeletal muscle depletion is a powerful prognostic factor, independent of body mass index. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:1539-47.
30. Bruyere O, Cavalier E, Reginster JV. Vitamin D and osteosarcopenia: an update from epidemiological studies. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017;20(6):498-503.
31. Kou HW, Yeh CH, Tsai HI, Hsu CC, Hsieh YC, Chen WT, et al. Sarcopenia is an effective predictor of difficult-to-wean and mortality among critically ill surgical patients. PlosOne 2019;14(8): e0220699.