References
1. Health Department-Reported Cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in the United States ​ | CDC. Accessed March 1, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/mis-c/cases/index.html
2. Belhadjer Z, Méot M, Bajolle F, et al. Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Circulation . Published online 2020. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.120.048360
3. Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet . Published online 2020. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31103-X
4. Riphagen S, Gomez X, Gonzalez-Martinez C, Wilkinson N, Theocharis P. Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic.Lancet . 2020;395(10237):1607-1608. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31094-1
5. Toubiana J, Poirault C, Corsia A, et al. Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic in Paris, France: prospective observational study. BMJ . Published online 2020. doi:10.1136/bmj.m2094
6. Feldstein LR, Rose EB, Horwitz SM, et al. Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in U.S. Children and Adolescents. N Engl J Med . Published online 2020. doi:10.1056/nejmoa2021680
7. Lee PY, Day-Lewis M, Henderson LA, et al. Distinct clinical and immunological features of SARS–CoV-2–induced multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. J Clin Invest . Published online 2020. doi:10.1172/JCI141113
8. Whittaker E, Bamford A, Kenny J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 58 Children With a Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc . Published online 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.10369
9. Del Borrello G, Giraudo I, Bondone C, et al. SARS-COV-2-associated coagulopathy and thromboembolism prophylaxis in children: A single-center observational study. J Thromb Haemost . Published online 2020. doi:10.1111/jth.15216
10. Aronoff SC, Hall A, Del Vecchio MT. The Natural History of SARS-Cov-2 Related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc . Published online 2020. doi:10.1093/jpids/piaa112
11. Whitworth HB, Sartain SE, Kumar R, et al. Rate of thrombosis in children and adolescents hospitalized with COVID-19 or MIS-C.Blood . Published online 2021. doi:10.1182/blood.2020010218
12. Panigada M, Bottino N, Tagliabue P, et al. Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in Intensive Care Unit. A Report of Thromboelastography Findings and other Parameters of Hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost . 2020;(April):1738-1742. doi:10.1111/jth.14850
13. Wright FL, Vogler TO, Moore EE, et al. Fibrinolysis Shutdown Correlation with Thromboembolic Events in Severe COVID-19 Infection.J Am Coll Surg . 2020;231(2):193-203.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.05.007
14. Salem N, Atallah B, El Nekidy WS, Sadik ZG, Park WM, Mallat J. Thromboelastography findings in critically ill COVID-19 patients.J Thromb Thrombolysis . Published online 2020. doi:10.1007/s11239-020-02300-7
15. Bilaloglu S, Aphinyanaphongs Y, Jones S, Iturrate E, Hochman J, Berger JS. Thrombosis in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in a New York City Health System. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc . Published online 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13372
16. Klok FA, Kruip MJHA, van der Meer NJM, et al. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19.Thromb Res . Published online 2020. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.013
17. Helms J, Tacquard C, Severac F, et al. High risk of thrombosis in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter prospective cohort study. Intensive Care Med . Published online 2020. doi:10.1007/s00134-020-06062-x
18. Hartmann J, Mason D, Achneck H. Thromboelastography (TEG) Point-of-Care Diagnostic for Hemostasis Management. Point Care . Published online 2018. doi:10.1097/POC.0000000000000156
19. Harahsheh Y, Duff OC, Ho KM. Thromboelastography predicts thromboembolism in critically ill coagulopathic patients. Crit Care Med . Published online 2019. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000003730
20. Russell RT, Maizlin II, Vogel AM. Viscoelastic monitoring in pediatric trauma: a survey of pediatric trauma society members. J Surg Res . Published online 2017. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2017.03.016
21. Emani S, Sleeper LA, Faraoni D, et al. Thromboelastography Is Associated With Surrogates for Bleeding After Pediatric Cardiac Operations. Ann Thorac Surg . Published online 2018. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.04.023
22. Gong C, Yu K, Zhang N, Huang J. Predictive value of thromboelastography for postoperative lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in gastric cancer complicated with portal hypertension patients. Clin Exp Hypertens . Published online 2020. doi:10.1080/10641963.2020.1836194
23. Information for Healthcare Providers about Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) | CDC. Accessed March 1, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/mis-c/hcp/
24. Schulman S, Kearon C, Subcommittee on Control of Anticoagulation of the Scientific and Standardization Committee of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Definition of major bleeding in clinical investigations of antihemostatic medicinal products in non-surgical patients. J Thromb Haemost . 2005;3(4):692-694. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01204.x
25. Kaatz S, Ahmad D, Spyropoulos AC, Schulman S. Definition of clinically relevant non-major bleeding in studies of anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolic disease in non-surgical patients: Communication from the SSC of the ISTH. J Thromb Haemost . Published online 2015. doi:10.1111/jth.13140
26. McCrindle BW, Rowley AH, Newburger JW, et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: A scientific statement for health professionals from the American Heart Association.Circulation . Published online 2017. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000484
27. Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost . Published online 2020. doi:10.1111/jth.14768
28. Biss TT, Brandão LR, Kahr WHA, Chan AKC, Williams S. Clinical probability score and D-dimer estimation lack utility in the diagnosis of childhood pulmonary embolism. J Thromb Haemost . Published online 2009. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03572.x
29. Al-Ghafry M, Aygun B, Appiah-Kubi A, et al. Are children with SARS-CoV-2 infection at high risk for thrombosis? Viscoelastic testing and coagulation profiles in a case series of pediatric patients.Pediatr Blood Cancer . Published online 2020. doi:10.1002/pbc.28737
30. Hranjec T, Estreicher M, Rogers B, et al. Integral Use of Thromboelastography With Platelet Mapping to Guide Appropriate Treatment, Avoid Complications, and Improve Survival of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Coagulopathy. Crit Care Explor . 2020;2(12):e0287. doi:10.1097/cce.0000000000000287
31. The Lancet Haematology. COVID-19 coagulopathy: an evolving story.Lancet Haematol . Published online 2020. doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30151-4
32. Pons S, Fodil S, Azoulay E, Zafrani L. The vascular endothelium: The cornerstone of organ dysfunction in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.Crit Care . Published online 2020. doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03062-7
33. Kuhle S, Male C, Mitchell L. Developmental hemostasis: Pro- and anticoagulant systems during childhood. Semin Thromb Hemost . Published online 2003. doi:10.1055/s-2003-42584
34. Lam WA, Chaudhuri O, Crow A, et al. Mechanics and contraction dynamics of single platelets and implications for clot stiffening.Nat Mater . Published online 2011. doi:10.1038/nmat2903
35. Hottz ED, Azevedo-Quintanilha IG, Palhinha L, et al. Platelet activation and platelet-monocyte aggregate formation trigger tissue factor expression in patients with severe COVID-19. Blood . Published online 2020. doi:10.1182/blood.2020007252
36. Allegra A, Innao V, Allegra AG, Musolino C. Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: pathogenesis and management strategies. Ann Hematol . Published online 2020. doi:10.1007/s00277-020-04182-4
37. Manne BK, Denorme F, Middleton EA, et al. Platelet gene expression and function in patients with COVID-19. Blood . Published online 2020. doi:10.1182/blood.2020007214
38. Al-Samkari H, Karp Leaf RS, Dzik WH, et al. COVID-19 and coagulation: Bleeding and thrombotic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Blood . Published online 2020. doi:10.1182/BLOOD.2020006520
39. Henderson LA, Canna SW, Friedman KG, et al. American College of Rheumatology Clinical Guidance for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS–CoV-2 and Hyperinflammation in Pediatric COVID-19: Version 1. Arthritis Rheumatol . Published online 2020. doi:10.1002/art.41454
40. Elias MD, McCrindle BW, Larios G, et al. Management of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With COVID-19: A Survey From the International Kawasaki Disease Registry. CJC Open . Published online 2020. doi:10.1016/j.cjco.2020.09.004
41. Goldenberg NA, Sochet A, Albisetti M, et al. Consensus-based clinical recommendations and research priorities for anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis in children hospitalized for COVID-19–related illness. J Thromb Haemost . Published online 2020. doi:10.1111/jth.15073