3.1 | FMD positive samples
All 265 samples collected during this study (2009-2018) were of cattle
origin. Approximately one third of these samples (91/265; 34.3%) were
successfully serotyped using antigen detection ELISA. Most of the typed
samples were collected during the winter months (62/91; 68.1%):
comprising 27/91 (29.7%) in December, 14/91 in January (15.4%), and
20/91 in February (22.0%). This compares to lower numbers of FMDV
positive samples collected in November (1/91; 1.1%), March (17/91;
18.7%) and April (6/91; 6.6%). Only 6.6% (6/91) of the typed samples
were collected between May and October.
The geographical distribution of FMDV positive samples collected in
Sudan between 2009 and 2018 is described in Table 1 and Figure 1. FMD
virus was detected in 91 samples which were also serotyped. Disease
events comprised three serotypes; O (42/91; 46.2%), SAT 2 (18/91;
19.8%) and A (31/91; 34.1%). FMD type O disease events extended over
almost the entire reported period (Figure 1), apart from 2018, while
serotype A was detected in 5 years (2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2018)
and serotype SAT 2 was detected in 4 years (2010, 2013, 2014 and 2017).
Serotype A was detected in the Central States of Khartoum and Gezira. In
comparison, serotypes O and SAT 2 had a wider geographical distribution
(Figure 1). Serotype O was detected along the Nile basin, from the White
Nile State in the South to Khartoum and Gezira in Central Sudan and up
to the Northern State in Northern Sudan. Serotype SAT 2 was detected in
Central Sudan at Khartoum, Gezira and North Kordofan and in addition in
one South Eastern State (Blue Nile) and one Eastern Border State (Al
Qadarif).