ILLUSTRATIONS AND TABLES
Figure 1. (A) Life-history migration patterns of Larimichthys crocea in the ECS e.g. L. crocea spawns inshore and ‘overwinters’ offshore; (B) The fishing area (gray area) during winter 1971–1982 and the survey stations (crosses) in the winter of 2018 for L. crocea in the mid-southern East China Sea.
Figure 2. (A) Annual catch (1956–2019, 1000 tons) ofL. crocea in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Fujian provinces, China; (B) Total catch (1956–2019, 1000 tons) and the number of hatchery release of L. crocea at coastal Zhejiang and Fujian provinces (main catch and stock enhancement provinces in China).
Figure 3. The Graphical fit of current life-history parameters and grow curves of L. croceathrough length-frequency data with Electronic Length Frequency Analysis (ELEFAN) of bin=10mm, moving average (MA)=11 scenario. (A) Histogram of length-frequency distribution (bin=10mm); (B) Histogram of maturation of L.crocea ; (C) Growth curve ofL.crocea with ELEFAN S.A. (bin=10mm, MA=11) scenario; (D) Graphical fit of catch probability of bin=10mm, MA=11 scenario, t50 represent the relative age of first capture.
Figure 4. Annual winter season sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies (grey triangles) from 1970 to 2019. Showing long-term SST decline from 1970 to 2019 (blue solid line).
Figure 5. Decadal variations of (A) spatial distribution of predicted habitat suitability and (B) area percentage of optimal, average, and poor habitat since the 1970s. The areas with habitat suitability index (HSI) value > 0.7, 0.7 > HSI value > 0.3, and HSI value < 0.3 were regarded as optimal, average, and poor habitat, respectively.
Figure 6. Spatial distribution of (A) mean winter total catch ofL. crocea, overlaid with the predicted HSI map in 1971–1982 and (B) biomass of L. crocea overlaid with the predicted HSI map in 2018.
Table 1. Current life-history parameters fitted with ELEFAN S.A. of bin=10mm, MA=11 scenario and historical life-history parameters ofL. crocea .