4. Conclusions
A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the galling aphidS. chinensis was established in this study. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that S. chinensis diverged from E. lanigerum at approximately 57 million years ago (MYA). Transcriptome analysis showed that 35 genes that encoded salivary gland proteins were highly expressed in the gall forming fundatrix stage. Some of these salivary proteins might be involved in gall formation. Our results will benefit future research to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the unique biology associated with galling aphids, their gall induction ability, and molecular interactions between insects and plants.
Data accessibility statement
All data mentioned in this paper have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information with the BioProject accession number PRJNA700780 (genomic sequencing) and PRJNA702264 (transcriptome sequencing). The final DNA sequence assembly has been deposited at DDBJ/ENA/GenBank under the accession JAFHKX000000000. The genome assembly and annotation, orthogroup clustering results and salivary gland genes are available for download from Zenodo (10.5281/zenodo.3797131).