Parameter Value Value
Particle Wall
Particle density (kg/m3) 2630 -
Effective modulus (Pa) 1.5e8 1.0e9
Normal-to-shear stiffness ratio 1.0 1.0
Contact friction coefficient 0.5 0.01
Normal critical damping ratio 0.2 0.2
Shear critical damping ratio 0.2 0.2
Rolling resistance coefficient 0.1 0.1
Time step 1e-7 -