2-D endoscope (n = 26) 3-D endoscope (n = 26) U p
Operative time (hours)
Min. – Max. 0.75 – 7.43 0.50 – 2.95 145.50* <0.001*
Mean ± SD. 2.92 ± 1.51 1.88 ± 0.65
Median(IQR) 2.49(2.35 – 2.92) 2.02(1.48 – 2.18)