Acknowledgements
We thank Robben Island Museum (RIM) for permission to carry out research
on the island, accommodation, and ferry transport; in particular, Sabelo
Madlala and Inga Sipuka supported the fieldwork. We thank our long-term
collaborators at the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the
Environment, particularly Azwianewi Makhado. Sue Kuyper and our
institutions provided logistical support. Peter McKinnon (Biomark)
provided invaluable assistance as we set up the PIT project on African
penguins. Lizanne van Eerden, Gavin Peterson, and Corlie Hugo collected
and input data from Stony Point, and numerous students, volunteers, and
collaborators have helped with penguin fieldwork at Robben Island
through our Earthwatch Institute project there. Stuart Bearhop provided
comments that improved an earlier draft of the manuscript. Research
permits were granted by the Department of Forestry, Fisheries, and the
Environment (RES2013/66, RES2014/114, RES2015/12, RES2015/93,
RES2016/06, RES2016/78, RES2017/06, RES2017/09, RES2018/08, RES2018/39,
RES2019/04, RES2019/50, RES2020/24, RES2020/91) and CapeNature
(0056-AAA007-00094, 0056-AAA007-00120 and CN44-59-6559). All research
methods were approved by the Animal Welfare and Ethical Review Body at
the University of Bristol (UIN UB/14/007), by the Science Faculty Animal
Ethics Committee at the University of Cape Town (2013/V10/RSREV1,
A1/2014/2013/V10/RS, 2017/V12/Ludynia and 2020/2017/V23/KL and by the
Cornwall Research Ethics Committee and the Animal Welfare and Ethical
Review Board at the University of Exeter (2017/1594, 2018/2404 and
eCORN001760). Funding was provided by the Association of Zoos and
Aquariums (through their SAFE programme), the Bristol Zoological
Society, the Department of Forestry, Fisheries, and the Environment, the
Earthwatch Institute (http://earthwatch.org/), the Pew Charitable
Trusts (through a Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation award to
R.B.S.), the Leiden Conservation Foundation (through fellowships award
to R.B.S. and L.J.W.), SANCCOB, and the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance.
The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of The Pew Charitable Trusts or any other
funder.