Phylogenetic trees (Fig. 4) constructed either by BI or ML analyses had the same topology. Between species, Posterior probability (PP) of all nodes is 1 and bootstrap support values (UFB) are all above 98 exceptD . (D ). eurya is 94. Based on different tree-constructing methods as well as single or combined dataset, the monophyly of the species in Diestramima was well-supported. The membership of each of these major clades were not strongly correlated with the distribution of their subgenera (Baculitettix ,Diestramima and Excisotettix , Gorochov et al ., 2019). The species within each clade live in roughly the same area, especially in the southwestern border region of China. D .conica , D . yunnanensis . D. sp. 2, D .major , D . subtilis , D . cycla andD . triangulata are in a clade, although they contain two subgenera. In the southwestern border region of China, even within the same species, samples from different regions showed great variability. We collected D . conica samples from Taiyanghe Reserve, Gaoligongshan and Laifengshan, and the samples from these three regions in Yunnan showed a high divergence. Similarly, D . subtilissamples from three regions (Xiaojie town, Gulinjing town and Ailaoshan) in Yunnan also produced this high divergence. However, widely distributed species in inland areas of China always tend together. We collected D. beybienkoi samples from seven regions (Jinyunshan, Emeishan, Zhangjiajie, Dujiangyan, Leigongshan, Simianshan and Yangmeiao) in five provinces (Sichuan, Chongqing, Hunan, Guizhou and Guangxi) of China, but they only divergence two clades. This divergence phenomenon is more prominent in D . intermedia andD . austrosinensis . Although the samples we collected spanned several provinces and regions in China, there were basically no divergence within their species.
Fig. 4. Phylogenetic relationships of the genusDiestramima . Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree based on the concatenated 12S, 16S, COI , ACSL, CPL and WDL matrix sequences. Topology supports of all major nodes are indicated above branches in this order: the posterior probability and the bootstrap resampling. Vertical lines of different colors represent different subgenera: Diestramima in dark blue; Baculitettix in dark green; Excisotettix in dark red. The color bar represents the six major biogeographical areas, letter abbreviations represent collection areas: Taiyanghe Reserve (TYH), Gligongshan (GLGS), Laifengshan (LFS), Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), Gulinjing (GLJ), Daqingshan (DQS), Xiaojie (XJ), Ailaoshan (ALS), Daweishan (DWS), Fenshuiling (FSL), Leigongshan (LGS), Dujiangyan (DJY), Jiugongshan (JGS), Fanjingshan (FJS), Zhangjiajie (ZJJ), Maoershan (MES), Emeishan (EMS), Wuyishan (WYS), Wangdongyang (WDY), Yangmeiao (YMA), Lianhuashan (LHS), Jinyunshan (JYS), Simianshan (SMS), Dapanshan (DPS), Ganjiangyuan (GJY), Fushoushan (FSS), Huangshan (HS), Tiantongshan (TTS), Gutianshan (GTS), Baishanzu (BSZ), Nanling (NL), Nonggang (NG), Pingmeng (PM), Hekou town (HKT).