Follow-up
Median follow-up was 5.3 years (min 9 months max 13 years). All patients received clinical examination, electrocardiogram and echocardiography. Computed tomography scan was scheduled after six months from surgery (12/25, 48% of cases). Exercise stress tests were made in 8/25 (32%).
All symptomatic patients reported the disappearing of the symptoms at follow-up and all athletes returned to sport or physical activity. No basal ECG alteration were found in all. The echocardiographic studies showed normal ejection fraction and regional wall motion. No aortic insufficiency was observed in the patients required resuspension of the commissures. Both echocardiography and CT scan (when available) showed an improvement in the take-off angle (Figure 2). Exercise stress test were negative in all. No patients referred discomfort for surgical related pain (i.e. the sternotomy) or where scared about the restart of physical activity. All patients and their families were satisfied with the choice to have undergone to surgery.