Conclusions
In this study, a chromosome-scale genome assembly was reported forS. scabiei , a highly contagious ectoparasite that can affect more than 100 mammal species. Comparative genome analysis illustrated the possible mechanisms of scabies mites adapted to a permanent parasitic life, including metabolism, morphology and detoxification. Whole genome re-sequencing analysis showed that scabies mites cluster by host species rather than geographical location, and analysis of their demographic history supported the view new insights that humans were the primary hosts of scabies mites, followed by pigs, dogs, and rabbits, but was inconsistent with the previous hypothesis that humans transmitted scabies mite according to the domestication time of these hosts. As the first chromosome-scale genome of mites, S.scabiei genome and comparative genomics study will provide solid foundation to promote the study of mites phylogeny and biology, especially for the study of control strategy for scabies and other mites.