Key points
• Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) has clinical characteristics
that are obviously different from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), with
high recurrence rate and refractory, which is characterized by the
presence of eosinophilic mucin with non-invasive fungal hyphae.
• The low detection rate of fungi leads to misdiagnosis of AFRS,
resulting in non-standard treatment.
• There were more CRS patients with similar clinical manifestations in
AFRS, but they couldn’t diagnosed as AFRS because of lack of etiological
evidence.
• AFRS may lead to serious complications, including loss of smell, loss
of vision, blindness, cranial nerve lesions, intracranial abscess or
cavernous sinus syndrome.
• Patients with characteristics of clinical, radiology and immunological
characteristics consistent with AFRS but without fungal etiology, Shall
be treated according to the treatment principles of AFRS.