Data Analysis
Statistical analysis was performed with Chi squared and Fisher’s exact test for categorical values to assess correlation between the variables in question and postoperative complications. An alpha level of 0.05 was determined for bivariate analyses and alpha levels of 0.05 and 0.10 were used for multivariable models. Further logistic regression models were utilized to categorize the strength of the correlations. All statistical analyses were performed in R studio and figures were created in Microsoft Excel or R Studio.