Epoch |
Year(s) |
Event |
Reference |
Miocene |
19 Mybp |
Estimated divergence date for the genus
Halictus
|
Gibbs et al.,
2012 |
Pleistocene |
30,000 ybp to 16,000 ybp |
Proposed migration of
Halictus spp. into North America across the Bering Land Bridge |
Danforth et al.,
1999 |
|
17,000 to 18,000 ybp |
Most recent glacial maximum; Northern Channel
Islands united in a single land mass (Santarosae); Maximum sea-level
lowering by 120 m shrinks water barrier between SCI and mainland to
<6 km |
Miller,
1985 |
Holocene |
1880s |
Honey bees (Apis mellifera) introduced to SCI |
Wenner et al.,
2009 |
|
1988 |
Beginning of honey bee removal from SCI |
Wenner et al.,
2009 |
|
2004 |
Last honey bee seen on SCI |
Wenner et al.,
2009 |
|
1956 - 2020 |
Specimen collections for this study |
|