3.3 Runoff and soil loss response of SMSTs
The effect of SMST on average annual soil loss and runoff during the
years 2018-20 is illustrated in Fig. 4. Over this period, SCCBT
treatment demonstrated the significantly lowest runoff (88.6 mm) and was
able to reduce runoff by 44% compared to control-SS. Conversely,
significantly highest runoff was observed in control-SS, which was
comparable to SST. Despite the fact that SCCBT treatment exhibited the
lowest runoff, but it generated two times higher soil loss compare to
control. The SBT had generated significantly lowest soil loss while SS
generated almost same soil loss as that of SSTS. Furthermore, the study
demonstrated that untreated slope produced higher runoff compared to
terraces and trenches. Cultivating sapota on sites with tillage on
terrace and slope was found more vulnerable to soil loss. SMSTs such as
SCCBT and SBT demonstrated strong impact in reducing runoff from the
degraded ravine, whereas SBT was more effective in reducing soil loss
compared to control.