Conclusion
The individualized differences in drug response require more precise
personalized strategies to achieve better clinical outcomes. Some
individual factors account for these individual differences through
affecting ADME gene expression. The expression of ADME gene is not only
determined by the nucleotide sequence, but also affected by epigenetic.
This review summarized the effects of individual factors on DNA
methylation of ADME genes, and attempted to provide epigenetic insights
in explaining individual differences in clinical treatment by combining
DNA methylation of ADME gene and expression. There are six kinds of
factors that are summarized: parental exposure, environmental pollutants
exposure, obesity and diet, drugs, gender and others. Most studies
reported significant methylation changes, but few mechanistic findings
were reported. Many clinical studies included showed that such findings
can be translated into clinical practice with clinical significance. The
epigenetic mechanism underlying the effects of individual factors
remained to be studied.