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\begin{document}

\title{The Epidemiological Pattern of Seasonal Influenza in Four Sentinel Sites
in Iraq}



\author[1]{Ahmed  Radhi}%
\author[1]{Ziyad Ibrahim }%
\affil[1]{Iraq Ministry of Health}%


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  \date{May 24, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
ABSTRACT Introduction: Influenza is an acute viral infection with
significant morbidity and mortality. Its occur annually each winter is
called seasonal influenza and is preventable through safe vaccine. Aim:
To know the epidemiological pattern of patients with seasonal influenza
in Iraqi sentinel sites. Methods: A cross- sectional study carried out
on records of patients who attended four sentinel sites and registered
to have influenza-like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory
infection (SARI), and laboratory investigated. Results: The total number
of cases was 1124, 36.2\% of them aged 19-39 years; 53.9\% were female;
74.9\% lived in urban areas; 64.3\% diagnosed as ILI and 35.7\% as SARI.
15.9\% had diabetes, 12.7\% had heart disease, 4.8\% had asthma, 3\% had
a chronic lung disease, and 2\% had hematological disease. 94.6\% did
not get influenza vaccine. About COVID-19 vaccine, 69.4\% did not
vaccinated, 3.5\% get only 1 dose, and 27.1\% completed 2 doses. Only
the SARI cases needed admission, among them 95.7\% were cured. 6.5\%
were diagnosed as influenza- A virus, 26.1\% had COVID-19, and 67.5\%
were negative. Among those with influenza, 97.3\% had H3N2 subtype, and
2.7\% had H1N1 pdm09. Conclusions: The percentage of influenza virus in
Iraq is relatively small. The age, classification of case (ILI or SARI),
having diabetes, heart disease, or immunological disease, and taking
COVID-19 vaccine have a significant association with influenza.
Recommendations: It's needed for similar sentinel sites in other health
directorates and for rising health education about seasonal influenza
and its vaccine.%
\end{abstract}%



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