Western blotting
In brief, hBMSCs were lysed using lysis buffer (10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 2 mM EGTA, 0.5% NP-40, protease inhibitors). 20 μg total proteins were loaded. After SDSPAGE and nitrocellulose membranes transfer, proteins were detected by specific primary antibodies against α-SMA, FAP and GAPDH (Sigma), followed by the corresponding HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (Servicebio, China) and visualization.